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<TITLE>Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible [First Chronicles, Chapter I].</TITLE>
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<center><h1>Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
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on the Whole Bible</h1>
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[<A HREF="MHC00000.HTM">Table of Contents</A>]<BR>
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Matthew Henry<BR><I>Commentary on the Whole Bible</I> (1708)
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<!-- (Begin Body) -->
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<CENTER>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+3><B>F I R S T C H R O N I C L E S</B></FONT>
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<BR>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+2>CHAP. I.</FONT>
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<HR SIZE=1 WIDTH=50>
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<FONT SIZE=-1>
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<P>
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This chapter and many that follow it repeat the genealogies we have
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hitherto met with in the sacred history, and put them all together,
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with considerable additions. We may be tempted, it may be, to think it
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would have been well if they had not been written, because, when they
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come to be compared with other parallel places, there are differences
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found, which we can scarcely accommodate to our satisfaction; yet we
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must not therefore stumble at the word, but bless God that the things
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necessary to salvation are plain enough. And since the wise God has
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thought fit to write these things to us, we should not pass them over
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unread. All scripture is profitable, though not all alike profitable;
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and we may take occasion for good thoughts and meditations even from
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those parts of scripture that do not furnish so much matter for
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profitable remarks as some other parts. These genealogies,
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1. Were then of great use, when they were here preserved, and put into
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the hands of the Jews after their return from Babylon; for the
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captivity, like the deluge, had put all into confusion, and they, in
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that dispersion and despair, would be in danger of losing the
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distinctions of their tribes and families. This therefore revives the
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ancient landmarks even of some of the tribes that were carried captive
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into Assyria. Perhaps it might invite the Jews to study the sacred
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writings which had been neglected, to find the names of their
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ancestors, and the rise of their families in them.
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2. They are still of some use for the illustrating of the
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scripture-story, and especially for the clearing of the pedigrees of
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the Messiah, that it might appear that our blessed Saviour was,
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according to the prophecies which went before of him, the son of David,
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the son of Judah, the son of Abraham, the son of Adam. And, now that he
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has come for whose sake these registers were preserved, the Jews since
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have so lost all their genealogies that even that of the priests, the
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most sacred of all, is forgotten, and they know not of any one man in
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the world that can prove himself of the house of Aaron. When the
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building is reared the scaffolds are removed. When the promised Seed
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has come the line that was to lead to him is broken off. In this
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chapter we have an abstract of all the genealogies in the book of
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Genesis, till we come to Jacob.
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I. The descents from Adam to Noah and his sons, out of Gen. v.,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:1-4">ver. 1-4</A>.
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II. The posterity of Noah's sons, by which the earth was repeopled, out
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of Gen. x.,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:5-23">ver. 5-23</A>.
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III. The descents from Shem to Abraham, out of Gen. xi.,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:24-28">ver. 24-28</A>.
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IV. The posterity of Ishmael, and of Abraham's sons by Keturah, out of
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Gen. xxv.
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:29-35">ver. 29-35</A>.
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V. The posterity of Esau, out of Gen. xxxvi.,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:36-54">ver. 36-54</A>.
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These, it is likely, were passed over lightly in Genesis; and
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therefore, according to the law of the school, we are made to go over
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that lesson again which we did not learn well.</P>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
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<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Genealogies.</I></FONT></TD>
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<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT SIZE=-1>B. C.</FONT> 4004.</TD></TR>
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<TR><TD COLSPAN=2><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<P>
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<FONT SIZE=+1>1 Adam, Sheth, Enosh,
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2 Kenan, Mahalaleel, Jered,
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3 Henoch, Methuselah, Lamech,
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4 Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
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5 The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan,
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and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
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6 And the sons of Gomer; Ashchenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
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7 And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and
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Dodanim.
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8 The sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
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9 And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and
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Raamah, and Sabtecha. And the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan.
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10 And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be mighty upon the earth.
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11 And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and
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Naphtuhim,
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12 And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (of whom came the Philistines,)
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and Caphthorim.
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13 And Canaan begat Zidon his firstborn, and Heth,
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14 The Jebusite also, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite,
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15 And the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
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16 And the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite.
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17 The sons of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud,
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and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.
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18 And Arphaxad begat Shelah, and Shelah begat Eber.
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19 And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of the one <I>was</I>
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Peleg; because in his days the earth was divided: and his
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brother's name <I>was</I> Joktan.
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20 And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and
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Jerah,
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21 Hadoram also, and Uzal, and Diklah,
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22 And Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
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23 And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these <I>were</I> the sons
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of Joktan.
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24 Shem, Arphaxad, Shelah,
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25 Eber, Peleg, Reu,
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26 Serug, Nahor, Terah,
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27 Abram; the same <I>is</I> Abraham.
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</FONT></P>
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<P>
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This paragraph has <I>Adam</I> for its first word and <I>Abraham</I>
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for its last. Between the creation of the former and the birth of the
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latter were 2000 years, almost the one-half of which time Adam himself
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lived. Adam was the common father of our flesh, Abraham the common
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father of the faithful. By the breach which the former made of the
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covenant of innocency, we were all made miserable; by the covenant of
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grace made with the latter, we all are, or may be, made happy. We all
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are, by nature, the seed of Adam, branches of that wild olive. Let us
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see to it that, by faith, we become the seed of Abraham
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ro+4:11,12">Rom. iv. 11, 12</A>),
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that we be grafted into the good olive and partake of its root and
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fatness.</P>
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<P>
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I. The first four verses of this paragraph, and the last four, which
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are linked together by Shem
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:4,24"><I>v.</I> 4, 24</A>),
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contain the sacred line of Christ from Adam to Abraham, and are
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inserted in his pedigree,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+3:34-38">Luke iii. 34-38</A>,
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the order ascending as here it descends. This genealogy proves the
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falsehood of that reproach, <I>As for this man, we know not whence he
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is.</I> Bishop Patrick well observes here that, a genealogy being to be
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drawn of the families of the Jews, this appears as the peculiar glory
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of the Jewish nation, that they alone were able to derive their
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pedigree from the first man that God created, which no other nation
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pretended to, but abused themselves and their posterity with fabulous
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accounts of their originals, the Arcadians fancying that they were
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before the moon, the people of Thessaly that they sprang from stones,
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the Athenians that they grew out of the earth, much like the vain
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imaginations which some of the philosophers had of the origin of the
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universe. The account which the holy scripture gives both of the
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creation of the world and of the rise of nations carries with it as
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clear evidences of its own truth as those idle traditions do of their
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own vanity and falsehood.</P>
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<P>
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II. All the verses between repeat the account of the replenishing of
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the earth by the sons of Noah after the flood.
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1. The historian begins with those who were strangers to the church,
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the sons of Japhet, who were planted in the isles of the Gentiles,
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those western parts of the world, the countries of Europe. Of these he
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gives a short account
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:5-7"><I>v.</I> 5-7</A>),
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because with these the Jews had hitherto had little or no dealings.
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2. He proceeds to those who had many of them been enemies to the
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church, the sons of Ham, who moved southward towards Africa and those
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parts of Asia which lay that way. Nimrod the son of Cush began to be an
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oppressor, probably to the people of God in his time. But Mizraim, from
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whom came the Egyptians, and Canaan, from whom came the Canaanites, are
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both of them names of great note in the Jewish story; for with their
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descendants the Israel of God had severe struggles to get out of the
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land of Egypt and into the land of Canaan; and therefore the branches
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of Mizraim are particularly recorded
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:11,12"><I>v.</I> 11, 12</A>),
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and of Canaan,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:13-16"><I>v.</I> 13-16</A>.
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See at what a rate God valued Israel when he gave <I>Egypt for their
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ransom</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Isa+43:3">Isa. xliii. 3</A>),
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and cast out all these nations before them,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+70:8">Ps. lxx. 8</A>.
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3. He then gives an account of those that were the ancestors and allies
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of the church, the posterity of Shem,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:17-23"><I>v.</I> 17-23</A>.
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These peopled Asia, and spread themselves eastward. The Assyrians,
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Syrians, Chaldeans, Persians, and Arabians, descended from these. At
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first the originals of the respective nations were known; but at this
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day, we have reason to think, the nations are so mingled with one
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another, by the enlargement of commerce and dominion, the transplanting
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of colonies, the carrying away of captives, and many other
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circumstances, that no one nation, no, nor the greatest part of any, is
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descended entire from any one of these fountains. Only this we are sure
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of, that God has <I>created of one blood all nations of men;</I> they
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have all descended from one Adam, one Noah. <I>Have we not all one
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father? Has not one God created us?</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mal+2:10">Mal. ii. 10</A>.
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Our register hastens to the line of Abraham, breaking off abruptly from
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all the other families of the sons of Noah but that of Arphaxad, from
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whom Christ was to come. The great promise of the Messiah (says bishop
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Patrick) was translated from Adam to Seth, from him to Shem, from him
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to Eber, and so to the Hebrew nation, who were entrusted, above all
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nations, with that sacred treasure, till the promise was performed and
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the Messiah had come, and then that nation was made <I>not a
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people.</I></P>
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<A NAME="Sec2"> </A>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
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<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Genealogies.</I></FONT></TD>
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<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT SIZE=-1>B. C.</FONT> 1896.</TD></TR>
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<TR><TD COLSPAN=2><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<P>
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<FONT SIZE=+1>28 The sons of Abraham; Isaac, and Ishmael.
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29 These <I>are</I> their generations: The firstborn of Ishmael,
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Nebaioth; then Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibsam,
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30 Mishma, and Dumah, Massa, Hadad, and Tema,
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31 Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah. These are the sons of Ishmael.
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32 Now the sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bare
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Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and
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Shuah. And the sons of Jokshan; Sheba, and Dedan.
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33 And the sons of Midian; Ephah, and Epher, and Henoch, and
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Abida, and Eldaah. All these <I>are</I> the sons of Keturah.
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34 And Abraham begat Isaac. The sons of Isaac; Esau and Israel.
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35 The sons of Esau; Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jaalam, and
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Korah.
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36 The sons of Eliphaz; Teman, and Omar, Zephi, and Gatam,
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Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek.
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37 The sons of Reuel; Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
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38 And the sons of Seir; Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and
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Anah, and Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan.
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39 And the sons of Lotan; Hori, and Homam: and Timna <I>was</I>
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Lotan's sister.
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40 The sons of Shobal; Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi,
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and Onam. And the sons of Zibeon; Aiah, and Anah.
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41 The sons of Anah; Dishon. And the sons of Dishon; Amram, and
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Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran.
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42 The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, <I>and</I> Jakan. The sons
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of Dishan; Uz, and Aran.
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43 Now these <I>are</I> the kings that reigned in the land of Edom
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before <I>any</I> king reigned over the children of Israel; Bela the
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son of Beor: and the name of his city <I>was</I> Dinhabah.
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44 And when Bela was dead, Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah
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reigned in his stead.
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45 And when Jobab was dead, Husham of the land of the Temanites
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reigned in his stead.
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46 And when Husham was dead, Hadad the son of Bedad, which
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smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the
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name of his city <I>was</I> Avith.
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47 And when Hadad was dead, Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his
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stead.
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48 And when Samlah was dead, Shaul of Rehoboth by the river
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reigned in his stead.
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49 And when Shaul was dead, Baal-hanan the son of Achbor reigned
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in his stead.
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50 And when Baal-hanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and
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the name of his city <I>was</I> Pai; and his wife's name <I>was</I>
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Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
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51 Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah,
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duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,
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52 Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon,
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53 Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke Mibzar,
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54 Duke Magdiel, duke Iram. These <I>are</I> the dukes of Edom.
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</FONT></P>
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<P>
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All nations but the seed of Abraham are already shaken off from this
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genealogy: they have no part nor lot in this matter. <I>The Lord's
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portion is his people.</I> Of them he keeps an account, knows them by
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name; but those who are strangers to him he beholds afar off. Not that
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we are to conclude that therefore no particular persons of any other
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nation but the seed of Abraham found favour with God. It was a truth,
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before Peter perceived it, <I>that in every nation he that feared God
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and wrought righteousness was accepted of him.</I> Multitudes will be
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brought to heaven out of <I>all nations</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Re+7:9">Rev. vii. 9</A>),
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and we are willing to hope there were many, very many, good people in
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the world, that lay out of the pale of God's covenant of peculiarity
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with Abraham, whose names were in the book of life, though not
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descended from any of the following families written in this book.
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<I>The Lord knows those that are his.</I> But Israel was a chosen
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nation, elect in type; and no other nation, in its national capacity,
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was so dignified and privileged as the Jewish nation was. That is the
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holy nation which is the subject of the sacred story; and therefore we
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are next to shake off all the seed of Abraham but the posterity of
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Jacob only, which were all incorporated into one nation and joined to
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the Lord, while the other descendants from Abraham, for aught that
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appears, were estranged both from God and from one another.</P>
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<P>
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I. We shall have little to say of the <I>Ishmaelites.</I> They were the
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sons of the bondwoman, that were to be cast out and not to be heirs
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with the child of the promise; and their case was to represent that of
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the unbelieving Jews, who were rejected
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ga+4:22,23">Gal. iv. 22</A>,
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&c.), and therefore there is little notice taken of that nation.
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Ishmael's twelve sons are just named here
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:29-31"><I>v.</I> 29-31</A>),
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to show the performance of the promise God made to Abraham, in answer
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to his prayer for him, that, for Abraham's sake, he should become a
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great nation, and particularly that he should beget twelve princes,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ge+17:20">Gen. xvii. 20</A>.</P>
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<P>
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II. We shall have little to say of the <I>Midianites,</I> who descended
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from Abraham's children by Keturah. They were <I>children of the
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east</I> (probably Job was one of them), and were separated from Isaac,
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|
the heir of the promise
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ge+25:6">Gen. xxv. 6</A>),
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and therefore they are only named here,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:32"><I>v.</I> 32</A>.
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The sons of Jokshan, the son of Keturah, are named also, and the sons
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of Midian
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:32,33"><I>v.</I> 32, 33</A>),
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who became most eminent, and perhaps gave denomination to all these
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families, as Judah to the Jews.</P>
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<P>
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III. We shall not have much to say of the <I>Edomites.</I> They had an
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inveterate enmity to God's Israel; yet because they descended from
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Esau, the son of Isaac, we have here an account of their families, and
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the names of some of their famous men,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+1:35"><I>v.</I> 35</A>
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to the end. Some slight differences there are between some of the names
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here, and as we had them in
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ge+36:1-43">Gen. xxxvi.</A>,
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whence this whole account is taken. Three of four names that were
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written with a <I>Vau</I> there are written with a <I>Jod</I> here,
|
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probably the pronunciation being altered, as is usual in other
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languages. We now write many words very differently from what they were
|
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written but 200 years ago. Let us take occasion, from the reading of
|
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these genealogies, to think,
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|
|
1. Of the multitudes that have gone through this world, have acted
|
|
their part in it, and then quitted it. Job, even in his early day, saw
|
|
not only <I>every man drawing after him,</I> but <I>innumerable before
|
|
him,</I>
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|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Job+21:33">Job xxi. 33</A>.
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|
All these, and all theirs, had their day; many of them made a mighty
|
|
noise and figure in the world; but their day came to fall, and their
|
|
place knew them no more. The paths of death are trodden paths, but
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|
<I>vestigia nulla retrorsum</I>--<I>none can retrace their steps.</I>
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2. Of the providence of God, which keeps up the generations of men, and
|
|
so preserves that degenerate race, though guilty and obnoxious, in
|
|
being upon earth. How easily could he cut it off without either a
|
|
deluge or a conflagration! Write but all the children of men
|
|
childless, as some are, and in a few years the earth will be eased of
|
|
the burden under which it groans; but the divine patience lets the
|
|
trees that cumber the ground not only grow, but propagate. As one
|
|
generation, even of sinful men, passes away, another comes
|
|
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ec+1:4,Nu+32:14">Eccl. i. 4; Num. xxxii. 14</A>),
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|
and will do so while the earth remains. <I>Destroy it not, for a
|
|
blessing is in it.</I></P>
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