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<TITLE>Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible [First Chronicles, Chapter IX].</TITLE>
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<center><h1>Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
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on the Whole Bible</h1>
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[<A HREF="MHC00000.HTM">Table of Contents</A>]<BR>
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Matthew Henry<BR><I>Commentary on the Whole Bible</I> (1708)
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<!-- (Begin Body) -->
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<CENTER>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+3><B>F I R S T C H R O N I C L E S</B></FONT>
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<BR>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+2>CHAP. IX.</FONT>
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<HR SIZE=1 WIDTH=50>
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</CENTER>
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<FONT SIZE=-1>
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<P>
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This chapter intimates to us that one end of recording all these
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genealogies was to direct the Jews, now that they had returned out of
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captivity, with whom to incorporate and where to reside; for here we
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have an account of those who first took possession of Jerusalem after
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their return from Babylon, and began the rebuilding of it upon the old
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foundation.
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I. The Israelites,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:2-9">ver. 2-9</A>.
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II. The priests,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:10-13">ver. 10-13</A>.
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III. The Levites and other Nethinim,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:14-26">ver. 14-26</A>.
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IV. Here is the particular charge of some of the priests and Levites,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:27-34">ver. 27-34</A>.
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V. A repetition of the genealogy of king Saul,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:35-44">ver. 35-44</A>.</P>
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</FONT>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_1"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_2"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_3"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_4"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_5"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_6"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_7"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_8"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_9"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_10"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_11"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_12"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_13"> </A>
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<A NAME="Sec1"> </A>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
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<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Genealogies.</I></FONT></TD>
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<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT SIZE=-1>B. C.</FONT> 700.</TD></TR>
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<TR><TD COLSPAN=2><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<P>
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<FONT SIZE=+1>1 So all Israel were reckoned by genealogies; and, behold, they
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<I>were</I> written in the book of the kings of Israel and Judah,
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<I>who</I> were carried away to Babylon for their transgression.
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2 Now the first inhabitants that <I>dwelt</I> in their possessions
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in their cities <I>were,</I> the Israelites, the priests, Levites, and
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the Nethinims.
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3 And in Jerusalem dwelt of the children of Judah, and of the
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children of Benjamin, and of the children of Ephraim, and
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Manasseh;
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4 Uthai the son of Ammihud, the son of Omri, the son of Imri,
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the son of Bani, of the children of Pharez the son of Judah.
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5 And of the Shilonites; Asaiah the firstborn, and his sons.
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6 And of the sons of Zerah; Jeuel, and their brethren, six
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hundred and ninety.
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7 And of the sons of Benjamin; Sallu the son of Meshullam, the
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son of Hodaviah, the son of Hasenuah,
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8 And Ibneiah the son of Jeroham, and Elah the son of Uzzi, the
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son of Michri, and Meshullam the son of Shephathiah, the son of
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Reuel, the son of Ibnijah;
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9 And their brethren, according to their generations, nine
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hundred and fifty and six. All these men <I>were</I> chief of the
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fathers in the house of their fathers.
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10 And of the priests; Jedaiah, and Jehoiarib, and Jachin,
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11 And Azariah the son of Hilkiah, the son of Meshullam, the
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son of Zadok, the son of Meraioth, the son of Ahitub, the ruler
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of the house of God;
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12 And Adaiah the son of Jeroham, the son of Pashur, the son of
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Malchijah, and Maasiai the son of Adiel, the son of Jahzerah, the
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son of Meshullam, the son of Meshillemith, the son of Immer;
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13 And their brethren, heads of the house of their fathers, a
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thousand and seven hundred and threescore; very able men for the
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work of the service of the house of God.
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</FONT></P>
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<P>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:1">The first verse</A>
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looks back upon the foregoing genealogies, and tells us they were
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gathered out of <I>the books of the kings of Israel and Judah,</I> not
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that which we have in the canon of scripture, but another civil record,
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which was authentic, as the king's books with us. Mentioning Israel
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and Judah, the historian takes notice of their being <I>carried away to
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Babylon for their transgression.</I> Let that judgment never be
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forgotten, but ever be remembered, for warning to posterity to take
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heed of those sins that brought it upon them. Whenever we speak of any
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calamity that has befallen us, it is good to add this, "it was for my
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transgression," that God may be justified and clear when he judges.
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Then follows an account of the first inhabitants, after their return
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from captivity, that dwelt in their cities, especially in Jerusalem.
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1. The Israelites. That general name is used
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:2"><I>v.</I> 2</A>)
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because with those of Judah and Benjamin there were many of Ephraim and
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Manasseh, and the other ten tribes
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:3"><I>v.</I> 3</A>),
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such as had escaped to Judah when the body of the ten tribes were
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carried captive or returned to Judah upon the revolutions in Assyria,
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and so went into captivity with them, or met them when they were in
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Babylon, associated with them, and so shared in the benefit of their
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enlargement. It was foretold that the <I>children of Judah and of
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Israel</I> should be <I>gathered together and come up out of the
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land</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ho+1:11">Hos. i. 11</A>),
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and that they should be one nation again,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Eze+37:22">Ezek. xxxvii. 22</A>.
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Trouble drives those together that have been at variance; and the
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pieces of metal that had been separated will run together again when
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melted in the same crucible. Many both of Judah and Israel staid behind
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in captivity; but some of both, whose spirit God stirred up, enquired
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the way to Zion again. Divers are here named, and many more numbered,
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who were <I>chief of the fathers</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:9"><I>v.</I> 9</A>),
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who ought to be remembered with honour, as Israelites indeed. 2. The
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priests,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:10"><I>v.</I> 10</A>.
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It was their praise that they came with the first. Who should lead in a
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good work if the priests, the Lord's ministers, do not? It was the
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people's praise that they would not come without them; for who but the
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priests should keep knowledge? Who but the priests should bless them
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in the name of the Lord?
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(1.) It is said of one of them that he was <I>the ruler of the house of
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God</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:11"><I>v.</I> 11</A>)
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not the chief ruler, for Joshua was then the high priest, but the
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sagan, and the next under him, his deputy, who perhaps applied more
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diligently to the business than the high priest himself. In the house
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of God it is requisite that there be rulers, not to make new laws, but
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to take care that the laws of God be duly observed by priests as well
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as people.
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(2.) It is said of many of them that they were <I>very able men for the
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service of the house of God,</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:13"><I>v.</I> 13</A>.
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In the house of God there is service to be done, constant service; and
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it is well for the church when those are employed in that service who
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are qualified for it, <I>able ministers of the New Testament,</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=2Co+3:6">2 Cor. iii. 6</A>.
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The service of the temple was such as required at all times, especially
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in this critical juncture, when they had newly come out of Babylon,
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great courage and vigour of mind, as well as strength of body; and
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therefore they are praised as <I>mighty men of valour.</I></P>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_14"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_15"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_16"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_17"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_18"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_19"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_20"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_21"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_22"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_23"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_24"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_25"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_26"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_27"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_28"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_29"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_30"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_31"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_32"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_33"> </A>
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<A NAME="1Ch9_34"> </A>
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<A NAME="Sec2"> </A>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
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<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Genealogies; the Employment of the Priests.</I></FONT></TD>
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<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT SIZE=-1>B. C.</FONT> 1400.</TD></TR>
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<TR><TD COLSPAN=2><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<P>
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<FONT SIZE=+1>14 And of the Levites; Shemaiah the son of Hasshub, the son of
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Azrikam, the son of Hashabiah, of the sons of Merari;
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15 And Bakbakkar, Heresh, and Galal, and Mattaniah the son of
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Micah, the son of Zichri, the son of Asaph;
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16 And Obadiah the son of Shemaiah, the son of Galal, the son
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of Jeduthun, and Berechiah the son of Asa, the son of Elkanah,
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that dwelt in the villages of the Netophathites.
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17 And the porters <I>were,</I> Shallum, and Akkub, and Talmon, and
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Ahiman, and their brethren: Shallum <I>was</I> the chief;
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18 Who hitherto <I>waited</I> in the king's gate eastward: they
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<I>were</I> porters in the companies of the children of Levi.
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19 And Shallum the son of Kore, the son of Ebiasaph, the son of
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Korah, and his brethren, of the house of his father, the
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Korahites, <I>were</I> over the work of the service, keepers of the
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gates of the tabernacle: and their fathers, <I>being</I> over the host
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of the L<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ORD</B></FONT>, <I>were</I> keepers of the entry.
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20 And Phinehas the son of Eleazar was the ruler over them in
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time past, <I>and</I> the L<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ORD</B></FONT> <I>was</I> with him.
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21 <I>And</I> Zechariah the son of Meshelemiah <I>was</I> porter of the
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door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
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22 All these <I>which were</I> chosen to be porters in the gates
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<I>were</I> two hundred and twelve. These were reckoned by their
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genealogy in their villages, whom David and Samuel the seer did
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ordain in their set office.
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23 So they and their children <I>had</I> the oversight of the gates
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of the house of the L<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ORD</B></FONT>, <I>namely,</I> the house of the tabernacle,
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by wards.
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24 In four quarters were the porters, toward the east, west,
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north, and south.
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25 And their brethren, <I>which were</I> in their villages, <I>were</I>
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to come after seven days from time to time with them.
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26 For these Levites, the four chief porters, were in <I>their</I>
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set office, and were over the chambers and treasuries of the
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house of God.
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27 And they lodged round about the house of God, because the
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charge <I>was</I> upon them, and the opening thereof every morning
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<I>pertained</I> to them.
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28 And <I>certain</I> of them had the charge of the ministering
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vessels, that they should bring them in and out by tale.
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29 <I>Some</I> of them also <I>were</I> appointed to oversee the vessels,
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and all the instruments of the sanctuary, and the fine flour, and
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the wine, and the oil, and the frankincense, and the spices.
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30 And <I>some</I> of the sons of the priests made the ointment of
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the spices.
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31 And Mattithiah, <I>one</I> of the Levites, who <I>was</I> the
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firstborn of Shallum the Korahite, had the set office over the
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things that were made in the pans.
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32 And <I>other</I> of their brethren, of the sons of the
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Kohathites, <I>were</I> over the showbread, to prepare <I>it</I> every
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sabbath.
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33 And these <I>are</I> the singers, chief of the fathers of the
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Levites, <I>who remaining</I> in the chambers <I>were</I> free: for they
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were employed in <I>that</I> work day and night.
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34 These chief fathers of the Levites <I>were</I> chief throughout
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their generations; these dwelt at Jerusalem.
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</FONT></P>
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<P>
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We have here a further account of the good posture which the affairs of
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religion were put into immediately upon the return of the people out of
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Babylon. They had smarted for their former neglect of ordinances and
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under the late want of ordinances. Both these considerations made them
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very zealous and forward in setting up the worship of God among them;
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so they began their worship of God at the right end. Instances hereof
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we have here.</P>
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<P>
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I. Before the house of the Lord was built they had the house of the
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tabernacle, a plain and movable tent, which they made use of in the
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mean time. Those that cannot yet reach to have a temple must not be
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without a tabernacle, but be thankful for that and make the best of it.
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Never let God's work be left undone for want of a place to do it
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in.</P>
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<P>
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II. In allotting to the priests and Levites their respective
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employments, they had an eye to the model that was drawn up by David,
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and Samuel the seer,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:22"><I>v.</I> 22</A>.
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Samuel, in his time, had drawn the scheme of it, and laid the
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foundation, though the ark was then in obscurity, and David afterwards
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finished it, and both acted by immediate direction from God. Or David,
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as soon as he was anointed had this matter in his mind and consulted
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Samuel about it, though he was then in his troubles, and the plan was
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formed in concert between them. This perhaps had been little regarded
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for many ages; but now, after a long interruption, it was revived. In
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dividing the work, they observed these ancient land-marks.</P>
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<P>
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III. The most of them dwelt at Jerusalem
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:34"><I>v.</I> 34</A>),
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yet there were some that dwelt in the villages
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:16,22"><I>v.</I> 16, 22</A>),
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because, it may be, there was not yet room for them in Jerusalem.
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However they were employed in the service of the tabernacle
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:25"><I>v.</I> 25</A>):
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<I>They were to come after seven days from time to time.</I> They had
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their week's attendance in their turns.</P>
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<P>
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IV. Many of the Levites were employed as porters at the gates of the
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house of God, four chief porters
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:26"><I>v.</I> 26</A>),
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and, under them, others, to the number of 212,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:22"><I>v.</I> 22</A>.
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They had the oversight of the gates
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:23"><I>v.</I> 23</A>),
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were keepers of the <I>thresholds,</I> as in the margin
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:19"><I>v.</I> 19</A>),
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and keepers of the entry. This seemed a mean office; and yet David
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would rather have it than <I>dwell in the tents of wickedness,</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+84:10">Ps. lxxxiv. 10</A>.
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Their office was,
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1. To open the doors of God's house every morning
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:27"><I>v.</I> 27</A>)
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and shut them at night.
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2. To keep off the unclean, and hinder those from thrusting in that
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were forbidden by the law.
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3. To direct and introduce into the courts of the Lord those that came
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thither to worship, and to show them where to go and what to do, that
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they might not incur punishment. This required care, and diligence, and
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constant attendance. Ministers have work to do of this kind.</P>
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<P>
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V. Here is one Phinehas, a son of Eleazar, that is said to be a
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<I>ruler over them in time past</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:20"><I>v.</I> 20</A>),
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|
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not the famous high priest of that name, but (as is supposed) an
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|
eminent Levite, of whom it is here said that <I>the Lord was with
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|
him,</I> or (as the Chaldee reads it) <I>the Word of the Lord was his
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|
helper</I>--the eternal Word, who is <I>Jehovah, the mighty one on whom
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|
help is laid.</I></P>
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<P>
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|
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VI. It is said of some of them that, because the charge was upon them,
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|
<I>they lodged round about the house of God,</I>
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|
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|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:27"><I>v.</I> 27</A>.
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|
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|
It is good for ministers to be near their work, that they may give
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|
themselves wholly to it. The Levites pitched about the tabernacle when
|
|
they marched through the wilderness. Then they were porters in one
|
|
sense, bearing the burdens of the sanctuary, now porters in another
|
|
sense, attending the gates and the doors--in both instances keeping the
|
|
charge of the sanctuary.</P>
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|
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|
<P>
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|
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|
VII. Every one knew his charge. Some were entrusted with the plate, the
|
|
ministering vessels, to bring them in and out by tale,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:28"><I>v.</I> 28</A>.
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|
|
|
Others were appointed to prepare the fine flour, wine, oil, &c.,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:29"><I>v.</I> 29</A>.
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|
|
|
Others, that were priests, made up the holy anointing oil,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:30"><I>v.</I> 30</A>.
|
|
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|
Others took care of the meat-offerings,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:31"><I>v.</I> 31</A>.
|
|
|
|
Others of the show-bread,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:32"><I>v.</I> 32</A>.
|
|
|
|
As in other great houses, so in God's house, the work is likely to be
|
|
done well when every one knows the duty of his place and makes a
|
|
business of it. God is the God of order: but that which is every body's
|
|
work will be nobody's work.</P>
|
|
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|
<P>
|
|
|
|
VIII. The singers <I>were employed in that work day and night,</I>
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:33"><I>v.</I> 33</A>.
|
|
|
|
They were the <I>chief fathers of the Levites</I> that made a business
|
|
of it, not mean singing-men, that made a trade of it. They remained in
|
|
the chambers of the temple, that they might closely and constantly
|
|
attend it, and were therefore excused from all other services. It
|
|
should seem, some companies were continually singing, at least at
|
|
stated hours, both day and night. Thus was God continually praised, as
|
|
it is fit he should be who is continually doing good. Thus devout
|
|
people might, at any hour, have assistance in their devotion. Thus was
|
|
the temple a figure of the heavenly one, where they <I>rest not day nor
|
|
night</I> from praising God,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Re+4:8">Rev. iv. 8</A>.
|
|
|
|
<I>Blessed are those that dwell in thy house; they will be still
|
|
praising thee.</I></P>
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_35"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_36"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_37"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_38"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_39"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_40"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_41"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_42"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_43"> </A>
|
|
<A NAME="1Ch9_44"> </A>
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="Sec3"> </A>
|
|
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
|
|
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Genealogies.</I></FONT></TD>
|
|
<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT SIZE=-1>B. C.</FONT> 1400.</TD></TR>
|
|
<TR><TD COLSPAN=2><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
|
|
</TABLE>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<FONT SIZE=+1>35 And in Gibeon dwelt the father of Gibeon, Jehiel, whose
|
|
wife's name <I>was</I> Maachah:
|
|
36 And his firstborn son Abdon, then Zur, and Kish, and Baal,
|
|
and Ner, and Nadab,
|
|
37 And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zechariah, and Mikloth.
|
|
38 And Mikloth begat Shimeam. And they also dwelt with their
|
|
brethren at Jerusalem, over against their brethren.
|
|
39 And Ner begat Kish; and Kish begat Saul; and Saul begat
|
|
Jonathan, and Malchishua, and Abinadab, and Eshbaal.
|
|
40 And the son of Jonathan <I>was</I> Merib-baal: and Merib-baal begat
|
|
Micah.
|
|
41 And the sons of Micah <I>were,</I> Pithon, and Melech, and
|
|
Tahrea, <I>and Ahaz.</I>
|
|
42 And Ahaz begat Jarah; and Jarah begat Alemeth, and Azmaveth,
|
|
and Zimri; and Zimri begat Moza;
|
|
43 And Moza begat Binea; and Rephaiah his son, Eleasah his son,
|
|
Azel his son.
|
|
44 And Azel had six sons, whose names <I>are</I> these, Azrikam,
|
|
Bocheru, and Ishmael, and Sheariah, and Obadiah, and Hanan: these
|
|
<I>were</I> the sons of Azel.
|
|
</FONT></P>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:35-44">These verses</A>
|
|
|
|
are the very same with
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+8-29-38"><I>ch.</I> viii. 29-38</A>,
|
|
|
|
giving an account of the ancestors of Saul and the posterity of
|
|
Jonathan. <I>There</I> it is the conclusion of the genealogy of
|
|
Benjamin; <I>here</I> it is an introduction to the story of Saul. We
|
|
take the repetition as we find it; but if we admit that there are in
|
|
the originals, especially in these books, some errors of the
|
|
transcribers, I should be tempted to think this repetition arose from a
|
|
blunder. Some one, in copying out these genealogies, having written
|
|
those words,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+9:34"><I>v.</I> 34</A>
|
|
|
|
(<I>These dwelt in Jerusalem</I>), cast his eye on the same words,
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Ch+8:28"><I>ch.</I> viii. 28</A>.
|
|
|
|
(<I>These dwelt in Jerusalem</I>), and so went on with what followed
|
|
there, instead of going on with what followed here; and, when he
|
|
perceived his mistake, was loth to make a blot in his book, and so let
|
|
it stand. We have a rule in our law, <I>Redundans non
|
|
nocet</I>--<I>Redundancies do no harm.</I></P>
|
|
|
|
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