255 lines
20 KiB
XML
255 lines
20 KiB
XML
<div2 id="Num.xxix" n="xxix" next="Num.xxx" prev="Num.xxviii" progress="78.76%" title="Chapter XXVIII">
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<h2 id="Num.xxix-p0.1">N U M B E R S</h2>
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<h3 id="Num.xxix-p0.2">CHAP. XXVIII.</h3>
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<p class="intro" id="Num.xxix-p1">Now that the people were numbered, orders given
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for the dividing of the land, and a general of the forces nominated
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and commissioned, one would have expected that the next chapter
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should begin the history of the campaign, or at least should give
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us an account of the ordinances of war; no, it contains the
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ordinances of worship, and provides that now, as they were on the
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point of entering Canaan, they should be sure to take their
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religion along with them, and not forget this, in the prosecution
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of their wars, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p1.1" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.1-Num.28.2" parsed="|Num|28|1|28|2" passage="Nu 28:1,2">ver. 1, 2</scripRef>.
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The laws are here repeated and summed up concerning the sacrifices
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that were to be offered, I. Daily, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p1.2" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.3-Num.28.8" parsed="|Num|28|3|28|8" passage="Nu 28:3-8">ver. 3-8</scripRef>. II. Weekly, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p1.3" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.9-Num.28.10" parsed="|Num|28|9|28|10" passage="Nu 28:9,10">ver. 9, 10</scripRef>. III. Monthly, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p1.4" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.11-Num.28.15" parsed="|Num|28|11|28|15" passage="Nu 28:11-15">ver. 11-15</scripRef>. IV. Yearly. 1. At the
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passover, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p1.5" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.16-Num.28.25" parsed="|Num|28|16|28|25" passage="Nu 28:16-25">ver. 16-25</scripRef>. 2.
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At pentecost, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p1.6" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.26-Num.28.31" parsed="|Num|28|26|28|31" passage="Nu 28:26-31">ver.
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26-31</scripRef>. And the <!-- <a href="MHC04029.HTM" id="Num.xxix-p1.7"> -->next chapter<!-- </a> -->
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is concerning the annual solemnities of the seventh month.</p>
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<scripCom id="Num.xxix-p1.8" osisRef="Bible:Num.28" parsed="|Num|28|0|0|0" passage="Nu 28" type="Commentary"/>
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<scripCom id="Num.xxix-p1.9" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.1-Num.28.8" parsed="|Num|28|1|28|8" passage="Nu 28:1-8" type="Commentary"/><div class="Commentary" id="Bible:Num.28.1-Num.28.8">
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<h4 id="Num.xxix-p1.10">Laws Concerning Sacrifices. (<span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p1.11">b. c.</span> 1452.)</h4>
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<p class="passage" id="Num.xxix-p2">1 And the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p2.1">Lord</span>
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spake unto Moses, saying, 2 Command the children of Israel,
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and say unto them, My offering, <i>and</i> my bread for my
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sacrifices made by fire, <i>for</i> a sweet savour unto me, shall
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ye observe to offer unto me in their due season. 3 And thou
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shalt say unto them, This <i>is</i> the offering made by fire which
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ye shall offer unto the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p2.2">Lord</span>; two
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lambs of the first year without spot day by day, <i>for</i> a
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continual burnt offering. 4 The one lamb shalt thou offer in
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the morning, and the other lamb shalt thou offer at even; 5
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And a tenth <i>part</i> of an ephah of flour for a meat offering,
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mingled with the fourth <i>part</i> of an hin of beaten oil.
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6 <i>It is</i> a continual burnt offering, which was ordained in
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Mount Sinai for a sweet savour, a sacrifice made by fire unto the
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<span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p2.3">Lord</span>. 7 And the drink
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offering thereof <i>shall be</i> the fourth <i>part</i> of an hin
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for the one lamb: in the holy <i>place</i> shalt thou cause the
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strong wine to be poured unto the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p2.4">Lord</span> <i>for</i> a drink offering. 8 And
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the other lamb shalt thou offer at even: as the meat offering of
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the morning, and as the drink offering thereof, thou shalt offer
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<i>it,</i> a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the
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<span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p2.5">Lord</span>.</p>
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<p class="indent" id="Num.xxix-p3">Here is, I. A general order given
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concerning the offerings of the Lord, which were to be brought in
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their season, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p3.1" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.2" parsed="|Num|28|2|0|0" passage="Nu 28:2"><i>v.</i> 2</scripRef>.
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These laws are here given afresh, not because the observance of
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them was wholly disused during their thirty-eight years' wandering
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in the wilderness (we cannot think that they were so long without
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any public worship, but that at least the daily lamb was offered
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morning and evening, and doubled on the sabbath day; so bishop
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Patrick conjectures); but that many of the sacrifices were then
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omitted is plainly intimated, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p3.2" osisRef="Bible:Amos.5.25" parsed="|Amos|5|25|0|0" passage="Am 5:25">Amos v.
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25</scripRef>, quoted by Stephen, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p3.3" osisRef="Bible:Acts.7.42" parsed="|Acts|7|42|0|0" passage="Ac 7:42">Acts
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vii. 42</scripRef>. <i>Did you offer unto me sacrifices and
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offerings in the wilderness forty years, O house of Israel?</i> It
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is implied, "No, you did not." But, whether the course of
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sacrifices had been interrupted or no, God saw fit now to repeat
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the law of sacrifices, 1. Because this was a new generation of men,
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that were most of them unborn when the former laws were given;
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therefore, that they might be left without excuse, they have not
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only these laws written, to be read to them, but again repeated
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from God himself, and put into a less compass and a plainer method.
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2. Because they were now entering upon war, and might be tempted to
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think that while they were engaged in that they should be excused
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from offering sacrifices. <i>Inter arma silent leges—law is little
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regarded amidst the clash of arms.</i> No, says God, <i>my bread
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for my sacrifices</i> even now <i>shall you observe to offer,</i>
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and that <i>in the due season.</i> They were peculiarly concerned
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to keep their peace with God when they were at war with their
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enemies. In the wilderness they were solitary, and quite separate
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from all other people, and therefore there they needed not so much
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their distinguishing badges, nor would their omission of sacrifices
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be so scandalous as when they came into Canaan, when they mingled
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with other people. 3. Because possession was now to be given them
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of the land of promise, that land flowing with milk and honey,
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where they would have plenty of all good things. "Now" (says God),
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"When you are feasting yourselves, forget not to offer the bread of
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your God." Canaan was given to them upon this condition, that they
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should <i>observe God's statutes,</i> <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p3.4" osisRef="Bible:Ps.105.44-Ps.105.45" parsed="|Ps|105|44|105|45" passage="Ps 105:44,45">Ps. cv. 44, 45</scripRef>.</p>
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<p class="indent" id="Num.xxix-p4">II. The particular law of the daily
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sacrifice, a lamb in the morning and a lamb in the evening, which,
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for the constancy of it as duly as the day came, is called a
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<i>continual burnt-offering</i> (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p4.1" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.3" parsed="|Num|28|3|0|0" passage="Nu 28:3"><i>v.</i> 3</scripRef>), which intimates that when we are
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bidden to <i>pray always, and to pray without ceasing,</i> it is
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intended that at least every morning and every evening we offer up
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our solemn prayers and praises to God. This is said to be
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<i>ordained in Mount Sinai</i> (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p4.2" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.6" parsed="|Num|28|6|0|0" passage="Nu 28:6"><i>v.</i> 6</scripRef>), when the other laws were given.
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The institution of it we have, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p4.3" osisRef="Bible:Exod.29.38" parsed="|Exod|29|38|0|0" passage="Ex 29:38">Exod.
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xxix. 38</scripRef>. Nothing is here added in the repetition of the
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law, but that the wine to be poured out in the drink-offering is
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ordered to be <i>strong wine</i> (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p4.4" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.7" parsed="|Num|28|7|0|0" passage="Nu 28:7"><i>v.</i> 7</scripRef>), the riches and most generous and
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best-bodied wine they could get. Though it was to be poured out
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upon the altar, and not drunk (they therefore might be ready to
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think the worst would serve to be so thrown away), yet God requires
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the strongest, to teach us to serve God with the best we have. The
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wine must be strong (says Ainsworth) because it was a figure of the
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blood of Christ, the memorial of which is still left to the church
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in wine, and of the blood of the martyrs, which was poured out as a
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drink-offering upon the <i>sacrifice and service of our faith,</i>
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<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p4.5" osisRef="Bible:Phil.2.17" parsed="|Phil|2|17|0|0" passage="Php 2:17">Phil. ii. 17</scripRef>.</p>
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</div><scripCom id="Num.xxix-p4.6" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.9-Num.28.15" parsed="|Num|28|9|28|15" passage="Nu 28:9-15" type="Commentary"/><div class="Commentary" id="Bible:Num.28.9-Num.28.15">
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<p class="passage" id="Num.xxix-p5">9 And on the sabbath day two lambs of the first
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year without spot, and two tenth deals of flour <i>for</i> a meat
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offering, mingled with oil, and the drink offering thereof:
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10 <i>This is</i> the burnt offering of every sabbath, beside the
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continual burnt offering, and his drink offering. 11 And in
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the beginnings of your months ye shall offer a burnt offering unto
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the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p5.1">Lord</span>; two young bullocks, and
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one ram, seven lambs of the first year without spot; 12 And
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three tenth deals of flour <i>for</i> a meat offering, mingled with
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oil, for one bullock; and two tenth deals of flour <i>for</i> a
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meat offering, mingled with oil, for one ram; 13 And a
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several tenth deal of flour mingled with oil <i>for</i> a meat
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offering unto one lamb; <i>for</i> a burnt offering of a sweet
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savour, a sacrifice made by fire unto the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p5.2">Lord</span>. 14 And their drink offerings shall
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be half an hin of wine unto a bullock, and the third <i>part</i> of
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an hin unto a ram, and a fourth <i>part</i> of an hin unto a lamb:
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this <i>is</i> the burnt offering of every month throughout the
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months of the year. 15 And one kid of the goats for a sin
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offering unto the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p5.3">Lord</span> shall be
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offered, beside the continual burnt offering, and his drink
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offering.</p>
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<p class="indent" id="Num.xxix-p6">The new moons and the sabbaths are often
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spoken of together, as great solemnities in the Jewish church, very
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comfortable to the saints then, and typical of gospel grace. Now we
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have here the sacrifices appointed, 1. For the sabbaths. Every
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sabbath day the offering must be doubled; besides the two lambs
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offered for the daily burnt-offering, there must be two more
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offered, one (it is probable) added to the morning sacrifice, and
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the other to the evening, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.1" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.9-Num.28.10" parsed="|Num|28|9|28|10" passage="Nu 28:9,10"><i>v.</i>
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9, 10</scripRef>. This teaches us to double our devotions on
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sabbath days, for so the duty of the day requires. The sabbath rest
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is to be observed, in order to a more close application to the
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sabbath work, which ought to fill up sabbath time. In Ezekiel's
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temple-service, which points at gospel times, the sabbath offerings
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were to be six lambs and a ram, with their meat-offerings, and
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drink-offerings (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.2" osisRef="Bible:Ezek.46.4-Ezek.46.5" parsed="|Ezek|46|4|46|5" passage="Eze 46:4,5">Ezek. xlvi. 4,
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5</scripRef>), to intimate not only the continuance, but the
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advancement, of sabbath sanctification in the days of the Messiah.
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This is <i>the burnt-offering of the sabbath in his sabbath,</i> so
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it is in the original, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.3" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.10" parsed="|Num|28|10|0|0" passage="Nu 28:10"><i>v.</i>
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10</scripRef>. We must do every sabbath day's work in its day,
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studying to redeem every minute of sabbath time as those that
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believe it precious; and not thinking to put off one sabbath's work
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to another, for sufficient to every sabbath is the service thereof.
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2. For the new moons. Some suggest that, as the sabbath was kept
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with an eye to the creation of the world, so the new moons were
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sanctified with an eye to the divine providence, which <i>appoints
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the moon for seasons,</i> guiding the revolutions of time by its
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changes, and governing sublunary bodies (as many think) by its
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influences. Though we observe not any feast of new moons, yet we
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must not forget to give God the glory of all the precious things
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put forth by the moon which he has <i>established for ever, a
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faithful witness in heaven,</i> <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.4" osisRef="Bible:Ps.89.37" parsed="|Ps|89|37|0|0" passage="Ps 89:37">Ps.
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lxxxix. 37</scripRef>. The offerings in the new moons were very
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considerable, two bullocks, a ram, and seven lambs, with the
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meat-offerings and drink-offerings that were to attend them
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(<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.5" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.11-Num.28.15" parsed="|Num|28|11|28|15" passage="Nu 28:11-15"><i>v.</i> 11</scripRef>, &c.),
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besides a sin-offering, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.6" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.15" parsed="|Num|28|15|0|0" passage="Nu 28:15"><i>v.</i>
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15</scripRef>. For, when we give glory to God by confessing his
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mercies, we must give glory to him likewise by confessing our own
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sins; and, when we rejoice in the gifts of common providence, we
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must make the sacrifice of Christ, that great gift of special
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grace, the fountain and spring-head of our joy. Some have
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questioned whether the new moons were to be reckoned among their
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feasts; but why should they not, when, besides the special
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sacrifices which were then to be offered, they rested from servile
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works (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.7" osisRef="Bible:Amos.8.5" parsed="|Amos|8|5|0|0" passage="Am 8:5">Amos viii. 5</scripRef>), <i>blew
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the trumpets</i> (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.8" osisRef="Bible:Num.10.10" parsed="|Num|10|10|0|0" passage="Nu 10:10"><i>ch.</i> x.
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10</scripRef>), and went to the prophets <i>to hear the word?</i>
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<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.9" osisRef="Bible:2Kgs.4.23" parsed="|2Kgs|4|23|0|0" passage="2Ki 4:23">2 Kings iv. 23</scripRef>. And the
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worship performed in the new moons is made typical of gospel
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solemnities, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p6.10" osisRef="Bible:Isa.66.23" parsed="|Isa|66|23|0|0" passage="Isa 66:23">Isa. lxvi.
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23</scripRef>.</p>
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</div><scripCom id="Num.xxix-p6.11" osisRef="Bible:Num.28" parsed="|Num|28|0|0|0" passage="Nu 28" type="Commentary"/>
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<scripCom id="Num.xxix-p6.12" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.16-Num.28.31" parsed="|Num|28|16|28|31" passage="Nu 28:16-31" type="Commentary"/><div class="Commentary" id="Bible:Num.28.16-Num.28.31">
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<p class="passage" id="Num.xxix-p7">16 And in the fourteenth day of the first month
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<i>is</i> the passover of the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p7.1">Lord</span>.
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17 And in the fifteenth day of this month <i>is</i> the
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feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten. 18 In the
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first day <i>shall be</i> an holy convocation; ye shall do no
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manner of servile work <i>therein:</i> 19 But ye shall offer
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a sacrifice made by fire <i>for</i> a burnt offering unto the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p7.2">Lord</span>; two young bullocks, and one ram, and
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seven lambs of the first year: they shall be unto you without
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blemish: 20 And their meat offering <i>shall be of</i> flour
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mingled with oil: three tenth deals shall ye offer for a bullock,
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and two tenth deals for a ram; 21 A several tenth deal shalt
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thou offer for every lamb, throughout the seven lambs: 22
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And one goat <i>for</i> a sin offering, to make an atonement for
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you. 23 Ye shall offer these beside the burnt offering in
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the morning, which <i>is</i> for a continual burnt offering.
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24 After this manner ye shall offer daily, throughout the seven
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days, the meat of the sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour
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unto the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p7.3">Lord</span>: it shall be offered
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beside the continual burnt offering, and his drink offering.
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25 And on the seventh day ye shall have an holy convocation; ye
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shall do no servile work. 26 Also in the day of the
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firstfruits, when ye bring a new meat offering unto the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p7.4">Lord</span>, after your weeks <i>be out,</i> ye
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shall have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work:
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27 But ye shall offer the burnt offering for a sweet savour unto
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the <span class="smallcaps" id="Num.xxix-p7.5">Lord</span>; two young bullocks, one
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ram, seven lambs of the first year; 28 And their meat
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offering of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals unto one
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bullock, two tenth deals unto one ram, 29 A several tenth
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deal unto one lamb, throughout the seven lambs; 30
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<i>And</i> one kid of the goats, to make an atonement for you.
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31 Ye shall offer <i>them</i> beside the continual burnt
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offering, and his meat offering, (they shall be unto you without
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blemish) and their drink offerings.</p>
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<p class="indent" id="Num.xxix-p8">Here is, I. The appointment of the
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pass-over sacrifices; not that which was the chief, the paschal
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lamb (sufficient instructions had formerly been given concerning
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that), but those which were to be offered upon the seven days of
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unleavened bread, which followed it, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p8.1" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.17-Num.28.25" parsed="|Num|28|17|28|25" passage="Nu 28:17-25"><i>v.</i> 17-25</scripRef>. The first and last of
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those seven days were to be sanctified as sabbaths, by a holy rest
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and a holy convocation, and on each of the seven days they were to
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be liberal in their sacrifices, in token of their great and
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constant thankfulness for their deliverance out of Egypt: <i>Two
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bullocks, a ram, and seven lambs.</i> A gospel conversation, in
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gratitude for <i>Christ our passover</i> who was sacrificed, is
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called the <i>keeping of this feast</i> (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p8.2" osisRef="Bible:1Cor.5.8" parsed="|1Cor|5|8|0|0" passage="1Co 5:8">1 Cor. v. 8</scripRef>); for it is not enough that we
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purge out the <i>leavened bread</i> of malice and wickedness, but
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we must <i>offer the bread of our God, even the sacrifice of
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praise, continually,</i> and continue herein unto the end. 2. The
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sacrifices are likewise appointed which were to be offered at the
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feast of pentecost, here called the <i>day of the first-fruits,</i>
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<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p8.3" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.26" parsed="|Num|28|26|0|0" passage="Nu 28:26"><i>v.</i> 26</scripRef>. In the feast
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of unleavened bread they offered a <i>sheaf of their
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first-fruits</i> of barley (which with them was first ripe) to the
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priest (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p8.4" osisRef="Bible:Lev.23.10" parsed="|Lev|23|10|0|0" passage="Le 23:10">Lev. xxiii. 10</scripRef>), as
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an introduction to the harvest; but now, about seven weeks after,
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they were to bring a <i>new meat-offering to the Lord,</i> at the
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end of harvest, in thankfulness to God, who had not only given,
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<i>but preserved to their use, the kindly fruits of the earth, so
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as that in due time they did enjoy them.</i> It was at this feast
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that <i>the Spirit was poured out</i> (<scripRef id="Num.xxix-p8.5" osisRef="Bible:Acts.2.1-Acts.2.13" parsed="|Acts|2|1|2|13" passage="Ac 2:1-13">Acts ii. 1</scripRef>, &c.), and thousands were
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converted by the preaching of the apostles, and were presented to
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Christ, to be <i>a kind of first-fruits of his creatures.</i> The
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sacrifice that was to be offered with the loaves of the
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first-fruits was appointed, <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p8.6" osisRef="Bible:Lev.23.18" parsed="|Lev|23|18|0|0" passage="Le 23:18">Lev.
|
||
xxiii. 18</scripRef>. But over and above, besides that and besides
|
||
the daily offerings, they were to offer <i>two bullocks, one ram,
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||
and seven lambs, with a kid for a sin-offering,</i> <scripRef id="Num.xxix-p8.7" osisRef="Bible:Num.28.27-Num.28.30" parsed="|Num|28|27|28|30" passage="Nu 28:27-30"><i>v.</i> 27-30</scripRef>. When God sows
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||
plentifully upon us he expects to reap accordingly from us. Bishop
|
||
Patrick observes that no <i>peace-offerings</i> are appointed in
|
||
this chapter, which were chiefly for the benefit of the offerers,
|
||
and therefore in them they were left more to themselves; but
|
||
<i>burnt-offerings</i> were purely for the honour of God, were
|
||
confessions of his dominion, and typified evangelical piety and
|
||
devotion, by which the soul is wholly offered up to God in the
|
||
flames of holy love; and <i>sin-offerings</i> were typical of
|
||
Christ's sacrifice of himself, <i>by which we and our services are
|
||
perfected and sanctified.</i></p>
|
||
</div></div2> |