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<center><h1>Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
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on the Whole Bible</h1>
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[<A HREF="MHC00000.HTM">Table of Contents</A>]<BR>
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Matthew Henry<BR><I>Commentary on the Whole Bible</I> (1710)
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<!-- (Begin Body) -->
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<CENTER>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+3><B>P S A L M S</B></FONT>
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<BR>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+2>PSALM CXLIII.</FONT>
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<HR SIZE=1 WIDTH=50>
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</CENTER>
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<FONT SIZE=-1>
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<P>
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This psalm, as those before, is a prayer of David, and full of
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complaints of the great distress and danger he was in, probably when
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Saul persecuted him. He did not only pray in that affliction, but he
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prayed very much and very often, not the same over again, but new
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thoughts. In this psalm,
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I. He complains of his troubles, through the oppression of his enemies
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:3">ver. 3</A>)
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and the weakness of his spirit under it, which was ready to sink
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notwithstanding the likely course he took to support himself,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:4,5">ver. 4, 5</A>.
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II. He prays, and prays earnestly
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:6">ver. 6</A>),
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1. That God would hear him,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:1-7">ver. 1-7</A>.
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2. That he would not deal with him according to his sins,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:2">ver. 2</A>.
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3. That he would not hide his face from him
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:7">ver. 7</A>),
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but manifest his favour to him,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:8">ver. 8</A>.
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4. That he would guide and direct him in the way of his duty
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:8,10">ver. 8, 10</A>)
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and quicken him in it,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:11">ver. 11</A>.
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5. That he would deliver him out of his troubles,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:9,11">ver. 9, 11</A>.
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6. That he would in due time reckon with his persecutors,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:12">ver. 12</A>.
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We may more easily accommodate this psalm to ourselves, in the singing
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of it, because most of the petitions in it are for spiritual blessings
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(which we all need at all times), mercy and grace.</P>
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</FONT>
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<A NAME="Ps143_1"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_2"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_3"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_4"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_5"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_6"> </A>
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<A NAME="Sec1"> </A>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
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<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Complaints and Petitions.</I></FONT></TD>
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<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT SIZE=-1> <! -- Date --> </FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR><TD COLSPAN=2><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<CENTER>
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<P>A psalm of David.</P>
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</CENTER>
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<P>
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<FONT SIZE=+1>1 Hear my prayer, O L<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ORD</B></FONT>, give ear to my
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supplications: in thy faithfulness answer me, <I>and</I> in thy
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righteousness.
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2 And enter not into judgment with thy servant: for in thy
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sight shall no man living be justified.
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3 For the enemy hath persecuted my soul; he hath smitten my
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life down to the ground; he hath made me to dwell in darkness, as
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those that have been long dead.
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4 Therefore is my spirit overwhelmed within me; my heart within
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me is desolate.
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5 I remember the days of old; I meditate on all thy works; I
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muse on the work of thy hands.
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6 I stretch forth my hands unto thee: my soul <I>thirsteth</I> after
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thee, as a thirsty land. Selah.
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</FONT></P>
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<P>
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Here, I. David humbly begs to be heard
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:1"><I>v.</I> 1</A>),
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not as if he questioned it, but he earnestly desired it, and was in
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care about it, for, having desired it, and was in care about it, for
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having directed his prayer, he looked up to see how it sped,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Hab+2:1">Hab. ii. 1</A>.
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He is a suppliant to his God, and he begs that his requests may be
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granted: <I>Hear my prayer; give ear to my supplications.</I> He is an
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appellant against his persecutors, and he begs that his case may be
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brought to hearing and that God will give judgment upon it, in his
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faithfulness and righteousness, as the Judge of right and wrong. Or,
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"Answer my petitions in thy faithfulness, according to the promises
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thou hast made, which thou wilt be just to." We have no righteousness
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of our own to plead, and therefore must plead God's righteousness, the
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word of promise which he has freely given us and caused us to hope
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in.</P>
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<P>
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II. He humbly begs not to be proceeded against in strict justice,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:2"><I>v.</I> 2</A>.
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He seems here, if not to correct, yet to explain, his plea
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:1"><I>v.</I> 1</A>),
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Deliver me <I>in thy righteousness;</I> "I mean," says he, "the
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righteous promises of the gospel, not the righteous threatenings of the
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law; if I be answered according to the righteousness of this broken
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covenant of innocency, I am quite undone;" and therefore,
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1. His petition is, "<I>Enter not into judgment with thy servant;</I>
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do not deal with me in strict justice, as I deserve to be dealt with."
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In this prayer we must own ourselves to be God's servants, bound to
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obey him, accountable to him, and solicitous to obtain his favour, and
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we must approve ourselves to him. We must acknowledge that in many
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instances we have offended him, and have come short of our duty to him,
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that he might justly enquire into our offences, and proceed against us
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for them according to law, and that, if he should do so, judgment would
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certainly go against us; we have nothing to move in arrest or
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mitigation of it, but execution would be taken out and awarded and then
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we should be ruined for ever. But we must encourage ourselves with a
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hope that there is mercy and forgiveness with God, and be earnest with
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him for the benefit of that mercy. "<I>Enter not into judgment with thy
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servant,</I> for thou hast already entered into judgment with thy Son,
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and laid upon him the iniquity of us all. <I>Enter not into judgment
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with thy servant,</I> for thy servant enters into judgment with
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himself;" and, if <I>we will judge ourselves, we shall not be
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judged.</I>
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2. His plea is, "<I>In thy sight shall no man living be justified</I>
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upon those terms, for no man can plead innocency nor any righteousness
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of his own, either that he has not sinned or that he does not deserve
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to die for his sins; nor that he has any satisfaction of his own to
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offer;" nay, if God contend with us, <I>we are not able to answer him
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for one of a thousand,</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Job+9:3,15:20">Job ix. 3; xv. 20</A>.
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David, before he prays for the removal of his trouble, prays for the
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pardon of his sin, and depends upon mere mercy for it.</P>
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<P>
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III. He complains of the prevalency of his enemies against him
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:3"><I>v.</I> 3</A>):
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"Saul, that great enemy, <I>has persecuted my soul,</I> sought my life,
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with a restless malice, and has carried the persecution so far that he
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has already <I>smitten it down to the ground.</I> Though I am not yet
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under ground, I am struck to the ground, and that is next door to it;
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he has forced me to <I>dwell in darkness,</I> not only in dark caves,
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but in dark thoughts and apprehensions, in the clouds of melancholy,
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<I>as</I> helpless and hopeless as <I>those that have been long
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dead.</I> Lord, let me find mercy with thee, for I find no mercy with
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men. They condemn me; but, Lord, do not thou condemn me. Am not I an
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object of thy compassion, fit to be appeared for; and is not my enemy
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an object of thy displeasure, fit to be appeared against?"</P>
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<P>
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IV. He bemoans the oppression of his mind, occasioned by his outward
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troubles
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:4"><I>v.</I> 4</A>):
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<I>Therefore is my spirit</I> overpowered and <I>overwhelmed within
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me,</I> and I am almost plunged in despair; when without are fightings
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within are fears, and those fears greater tyrants and oppressors than
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Saul himself and not so easily out-run. It is sometimes the lot of the
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best men to have their spirits for a time almost overwhelmed and their
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hearts desolate, and doubtless it is their infirmity. David was not
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only a great saint, but a great soldier, and yet even he was sometimes
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ready to faint in a day of adversity. <I>Howl, fir-trees, if the
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cedars be shaken.</I></P>
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<P>
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V. He applies himself to the use of proper means for the relief of his
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troubled spirit. He had no force to muster up against the oppression of
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the enemy, but, if he can keep possession of nothing else, he will do
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what he can to keep possession of his own soul and to preserve his
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inward peace. In order to this,
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1. He looks back, and <I>remembers the days of old</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:5"><I>v.</I> 5</A>),
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God's former appearances for his afflicted people and for him in
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particular. It has been often a relief to the people of God in their
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straits to think of the wonders which their fathers told them of,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+77:5,11">Ps. lxxvii. 5, 11</A>.
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2. He looks round, and takes notice of the works of God in the visible
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creation, and the providential government of the world: <I>I meditate
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on all thy works.</I> Many see them, but do not see the footsteps of
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God's wisdom, power, and goodness in them, and do not receive the
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benefit they might by them because they do not meditate upon them; they
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do not dwell on that copious curious subject, but soon quit it, as if
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they had exhausted it, when they have scarcely touched upon it. <I>I
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muse on,</I> or (as some read it) <I>I discourse of, the</I> operation
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<I>of thy hands,</I> how great, how good, it is! The more we consider
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the power of God the less we shall fear the face or force of man,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Isa+51:12,13">Isa. li. 12, 13</A>.
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3. He looks up with earnest desires towards God and his favour
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:6"><I>v.</I> 6</A>):
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"<I>I stretch forth my hands unto thee,</I> as one begging an alms, and
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big with expectation to receive something great, standing ready to lay
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hold on it and bid it welcome. <I>My soul thirsteth after thee; it is
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to thee</I> (so the word is), entire for thee, intent on thee; it is
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<I>as a thirsty land,</I> which, being parched with excessive heat,
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gapes for rain; so do I need, so do I crave, the support and
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refreshment of divine consolations under my afflictions, and nothing
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else will relieve me." This is the best course we can take when our
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spirits are overwhelmed; and justly do those sink under their load who
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will not take such a ready way as this to ease themselves.</P>
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<A NAME="Ps143_7"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_8"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_9"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_10"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_11"> </A>
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<A NAME="Ps143_12"> </A>
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<A NAME="Sec2"> </A>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
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<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Prayers for Divine Grace.</I></FONT></TD>
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<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><FONT SIZE=-1> <! -- Date --> </FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR><TD COLSPAN=2><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<P>
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<FONT SIZE=+1>7 Hear me speedily, O L<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ORD</B></FONT>: my spirit faileth: hide not thy
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face from me, lest I be like unto them that go down into the pit.
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8 Cause me to hear thy lovingkindness in the morning; for in
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thee do I trust: cause me to know the way wherein I should walk;
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for I lift up my soul unto thee.
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9 Deliver me, O L<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ORD</B></FONT>, from mine enemies: I flee unto thee to
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hide me.
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10 Teach me to do thy will; for thou <I>art</I> my God: thy spirit
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<I>is</I> good; lead me into the land of uprightness.
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11 Quicken me, O L<FONT SIZE=-1><B>ORD</B></FONT>, for thy name's sake: for thy
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righteousness' sake bring my soul out of trouble.
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12 And of thy mercy cut off mine enemies, and destroy all them
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that afflict my soul: for I <I>am</I> thy servant.
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</FONT></P>
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<P>
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David here tells us what he said when he stretched forth his hands unto
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God; he begins not only as one in earnest, but as one in haste:
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"<I>Hear me speedily,</I> and defer no longer, for <I>my spirit
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faileth.</I> I am just ready to faint; reach the cordial--quickly,
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quickly, or I am gone." It was not a haste of unbelief, but of vehement
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desire and holy love. <I>Make haste, O God! to help me.</I> Three
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things David here prays for:--</P>
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<P>
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I. The manifestations of God's favour towards him, that God would be
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well pleased with him and let him know that he was so; this he prefers
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before any good,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+4:6">Ps. iv. 6</A>.
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1. He dreads God's frowns: "Lord, <I>hide not thy face from me;</I>
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Lord, be not angry with me, do not turn from me, as we do from one we
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are displeased with; Lord, let me not be left under the apprehensions
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of thy anger or in doubt concerning thy favour; if I have thy favour,
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let it not be hidden from me." Those that have the truth of grace
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cannot but desire the evidence of it. He pleads the wretchedness of his
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case if God withdrew from him: "Lord, let me not lie under thy wrath,
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for then I am <I>like those that go down to the pit,</I> that is, down
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to the grave (I am a dead man, weak, and pale, and ghastly; thy frowns
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are worse than death), or down to hell, the bottomless pit." Even those
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who through grace are delivered from going down to the pit may
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sometimes, when the terrors of the Almighty set themselves in array
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against them, look like those who are going to the pit. Disconsolate
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saints have sometimes cried out of the wrath of God, as if they had
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been damned sinners,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Job+6:4,Ps+88:6">Job vi. 4; Ps. lxxxviii. 6</A>.
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2. He entreats God's favour
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:8"><I>v.</I> 8</A>):
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<I>Cause me to hear thy lovingkindness in the morning.</I> He cannot
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but think that God has a kindness for him, that he has some kind things
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to say to him, some good words and comfortable words; but the present
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hurry of his affairs, and tumult of his spirits, drowned those pleasing
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whispers; and therefore he begs, "Lord, do not only speak kindly to me,
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but cause me to hear it, to <I>hear joy and gladness,</I>"
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+51:8">Ps. li. 8</A>.
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God speaks to us by his word and by his providence, and in both we
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should desire and endeavour to <I>hear his lovingkindness</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+107:43">Ps. cvii. 43</A>),
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that we may set that always before us: "<I>Cause me to hear</I> it
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<I>in the morning,</I> every morning; let my waking thoughts be of
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God's lovingkindness, that the sweet relish of that may abide upon my
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spirits all the day long." His plea is, "<I>For in thee do I trust,</I>
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and in thee only; I look not for comfort in any other." God's goodness
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is commonly wrought <I>for those who trust in him</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+31:8">Ps. xxxi. 8</A>),
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who by faith draw it out.</P>
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<P>
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II. The operations of God's grace in him. Those he is as earnest for as
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for the tokens of God's favour to him, and so should we be. He
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prays,</P>
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<P>
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1. That he might be enlightened with the knowledge of God's will; and
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this is the first work of the Spirit, in order to his other works, for
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God deals with men as men, as reasonable creatures. Here are three
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petitions to this effect:--
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(1.) <I>Cause me to know the way wherein I should walk.</I> Sometimes
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those that are much in care to walk right are in doubt, and in the
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dark, which is the right way. Let them come boldly to the throne of
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grace, and beg of God, by his word, and Spirit, and providence, to show
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them the way, and prevent their missing it. A good man does not ask
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what is the way in which he must walk, or in which is the most pleasant
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walking, but what is the right way, the way in which he should walk. He
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pleads, "<I>I lift up my soul unto thee,</I> to be moulded and
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fashioned according to thy will." He did not only importunately, but
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|
impartially, desire to know his duty; and those that do so shall be
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taught.
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(2.) "<I>Teach me to do thy will,</I> not only show me what thy will
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is, but teach me how to do it, how to turn my hand dexterously to my
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|
duty." It is the desire and endeavour of all God's faithful servants to
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know and to do his will, and to stand complete in it. He pleads,
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|
"<I>Thou art my God,</I> and therefore my oracle, by whom I may expect
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|
to be advised--my God, and therefore my ruler, whose will I desire to
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do." If we do in sincerity take God for our God, we may depend upon him
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to teach us to do his will, as a master does his servant.
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|
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(3.) <I>Lead me into the land of uprightness,</I> into the communion of
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|
saints, that pleasant land of the upright, or into a settled course of
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|
holy living, which will lead to heaven, that land of uprightness where
|
|
holiness will be in perfection, and he that is holy shall be holy
|
|
still. We should desire to be led, and kept safe, to heaven, not only
|
|
because it is a land of blessedness, but because it is a land of
|
|
uprightness; it is the perfection of grace. We cannot find the way that
|
|
will bring us to that land unless God show us, nor go in that way
|
|
unless he take us by the hand and lead us, as we lead those that are
|
|
weak, or lame, or timorous, or dim-sighted; so necessary is the grace
|
|
of God, not only to put us into the good way, but to keep us and carry
|
|
us on in it. The plea is, "<I>Thy Spirit is good,</I> and able to make
|
|
me good," good and willing to help those that are at a loss. Those that
|
|
have the Lord for their God have his Spirit for their guide; and it is
|
|
both their character and their privilege that they are <I>led by the
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Spirit.</I></P>
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<P>
|
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2. He prays that he might be enlivened to do his will
|
|
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:11"><I>v.</I> 11</A>):
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|
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|
"<I>Quicken me, O Lord!</I>--quicken my devotions, that they may be
|
|
lively; quicken me to my duty, and quicken me in it; and this <I>for
|
|
thy name's sake.</I>" The best saints often find themselves dull, and
|
|
dead, and slow, and therefore pray to God to quicken them.</P>
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<P>
|
|
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III. The appearance of God's providence for him,
|
|
|
|
1. That God would, in his own way and time, give him rest from his
|
|
troubles
|
|
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:9"><I>v.</I> 9</A>):
|
|
|
|
"<I>Deliver me, O Lord! from my enemies,</I> that they may not have
|
|
their will against me; <I>for I flee unto thee to hide me;</I> I trust
|
|
to thee to defend me in my trouble, and therefore to rescue me out of
|
|
it." Preservations are pledges of salvation, and those shall find God
|
|
their hiding-place who by faith make him such. He explains himself
|
|
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:11"><I>v.</I> 11</A>):
|
|
|
|
"<I>For thy righteousness-sake, bring my soul out of trouble,</I> for
|
|
thy promise-sake, nay, for thy mercy-sake" (for some by
|
|
<I>righteousness</I> understand <I>kindness</I> and <I>goodness</I>);
|
|
"do not only deliver me from my outward trouble, but from the trouble
|
|
of my soul, the trouble that threatens to overwhelm my spirit. Whatever
|
|
trouble I am in, Lord, let not my heart be troubled,"
|
|
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Joh+14:1">John xiv. 1</A>.
|
|
|
|
2. That he would reckon with those that were the instruments of his
|
|
trouble
|
|
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+143:12"><I>v.</I> 12</A>):
|
|
|
|
"<I>Of thy mercy</I> to me <I>cut off my enemies,</I> that I may be no
|
|
longer in fear of them; <I>and destroy all those,</I> whoever they be,
|
|
how numerous, how powerful, soever, <I>who afflict my soul,</I> and
|
|
create vexation to that; <I>for I am thy servant,</I> and am resolved
|
|
to continue such, and therefore may expect to be owned and protected in
|
|
thy service." This prayer is a prophecy of the utter destruction of all
|
|
the impenitent enemies of Jesus Christ and his kingdom, who will not
|
|
have him to reign over them, who grieve his Spirit, and afflict his
|
|
soul, by afflicting his people, in whose afflictions he is
|
|
afflicted.</P>
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