As the foregoing psalm was moral, and showed us
our duty, so this is evangelical, and shows us our Saviour. Under
the type of David's kingdom (which was of divine appointment, met
with much opposition, but prevailed at last) the kingdom of the
Messiah, the Son of David, is prophesied of, which is the primary
intention and scope of the psalm; and I think there is less in it
of the type, and more of the anti-type, than in any of the gospel
psalms, for there is nothing in it but what is applicable to
Christ, but some things that are not at all applicable to David
(
1 Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? 2 The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the Lord, and against his anointed, saying, 3 Let us break their bands asunder, and cast away their cords from us. 4 He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh: the Lord shall have them in derision. 5 Then shall he speak unto them in his wrath, and vex them in his sore displeasure. 6 Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion.
We have here a very great struggle about the kingdom of Christ, hell and heaven contesting it; the seat of the war is this earth, where Satan has long had a usurped kingdom and exercised dominion to such a degree that he has been called the prince of the power of the very air we breathe in and the god of the world we live in. He knows very well that, as the Messiah's kingdom rises and gets ground, his falls and loses ground; and therefore, though it will be set up certainly, it shall not be set up tamely. Observe here,
I. The mighty opposition that would be
given to the Messiah and his kingdom, to his holy religion and all
the interests of it,
1. We are here told who would appear as
adversaries to Christ and the devil's instruments in this
opposition to his kingdom. Princes and people, court and country,
have sometimes separate interests, but here they are united against
Christ; not the mighty only, but the mob, the heathen, the
people, numbers of them, communities of them; though usually
fond of liberty, yet they were averse to the liberty Christ came to
procure and proclaim. Not the mob only, but the mighty (among whom
one might have expected more sense and consideration) appear
violent against Christ. Though his kingdom is not of this world,
nor in the least calculated to weaken their interests, but very
likely, if they pleased, to strengthen them, yet the kings of the
earth and rulers are up in arms immediately. See the effects of the
old enmity in the seed of the serpent against the seed of the
woman, and how general and malignant the corruption of mankind is.
See how formidable the enemies of the church are; they are
numerous; they are potent. The unbelieving Jews are here called
heathen, so wretchedly had they degenerated from the faith
and holiness of their ancestors; they stirred up the heathen, the
Gentiles, to persecute the Christians. As the Philistines and their
lords, Saul and his courtiers, the disaffected party and their
ringleaders, opposed David's coming to the crown, so Herod and
Pilate, the Gentiles and the Jews, did their utmost against Christ
and his interest in men,
2. Who it is that they quarrel with, and
muster up all their forces against; it is against the Lord and
against his anointed, that is, against all religion in general
and the Christian religion in particular. It is certain that all
who are enemies to Christ, whatever they pretend, are enemies to
God himself; they have hated both me and my Father,
3. The opposition they give is here
described. (1.) It is a most spiteful and malicious opposition.
They rage and fret; they gnash their teeth for vexation at
the setting up of Christ's kingdom; it creates them the utmost
uneasiness, and fills them with indignation, so that they have no
enjoyment of themselves; see
4. We are here told what it is they are
exasperated at and what they aim at in this opposition (
5. They are here reasoned with concerning
it,
II. The mighty conquest gained over all
this threatening opposition. If heaven and earth be the combatants,
it is easy to foretel which will be the conqueror. Those that make
this mighty struggle are the people of the earth, and the kings of
the earth, who, being of the earth, are earthy; but he whom they
contest with is one that sits in the heavens,
1. The attempts of Christ's enemies are
easily ridiculed. God laughs at them as a company of fools.
He has them, and all their attempts, in derision, and
therefore the virgin, the daughter of Zion, has despised
them,
2. They are justly punished,
3. They are certainly defeated, and all
their counsels turned headlong (
We are to sing
7 I will declare the decree: the Lord hath said unto me, Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten thee. 8 Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession. 9 Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.
We have heard what the kings of the earth have to say against Christ's kingdom, and have heard it gainsaid by him that sits in heaven; let us now hear what the Messiah himself has to say for his kingdom, to make good his claims, and it is what all the powers on earth cannot gainsay.
I. The kingdom of the Messiah is founded
upon a decree, an eternal decree, of God the Father. It was not a
sudden resolve, it was not the trial of an experiment, but the
result of the counsels of the divine wisdom and the determinations
of the divine will, before all worlds, neither of which can be
altered—the precept or statute (so some read it),
the covenant or compact (so others), the federal
transactions between the Father and the Son concerning man's
redemption, represented by the covenant of royalty made with David
and his seed,
II. There is a declaration of that decree
as far as is necessary for the satisfaction of all those who are
called and commanded to yield themselves subjects to this king, and
to leave those inexcusable who will not have him to reign over
them. The decree was secret; it was what the Father said to the
Son, when he possessed him in the beginning of his way, before his
works of old; but it is declared by a faithful witness, who had
lain in the bosom of the Father from eternity, and came into the
world as the prophet of the church, to declare him,
In singing this, and praying it over, we must give glory to Christ as the eternal Son of God and our rightful Lord, and must take comfort from this promise, and plead it with God, that the kingdom of Christ shall be enlarged and established and shall triumph over all opposition.
10 Be wise now therefore, O ye kings: be instructed, ye judges of the earth. 11 Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice with trembling. 12 Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed are all they that put their trust in him.
We have here the practical application of
this gospel doctrine concerning the kingdom of the Messiah, by way
of exhortation to the kings and judges of the earth. They hear that
it is in vain to oppose Christ's government; let them therefore be
so wise for themselves as to submit to it. He that has power to
destroy them shows that he has no pleasure in their destruction,
for he puts them into a way to make themselves happy,
I. To reverence God and to stand in awe of
him,
II. To welcome Jesus Christ and to submit
to him,
1. The command given to this purport:
Kiss the Son. Christ is called the Son because so he
was declared (
2. The reasons to enforce this command; and they are taken from our own interest, which God, in his gospel, shows a concern for. Consider,
(1.) The certain ruin we run upon if we
refuse and reject Christ: "Kiss the Son; for it is at your
peril if you do not." [1.] "It will be a great provocation to him.
Do it, lest he be angry." The Father is angry already; the
Son is the Mediator that undertakes to make peace; if we slight
him, the Father's wrath abides upon us (
(2.) The happiness we are sure of if we yield ourselves to Christ. When his wrath is kindled, though but a little, the least spark of that fire is enough to make the proudest sinner miserable if it fasten upon his conscience; for it will burn to the lowest hell: one would think it should therefore follow, "When his wrath is kindled, woe be to those that despise him;" but the Psalmist startles at the thought, deprecates that dreadful doom and pronounces those blessed that escape it. Those that trust in him, and so kiss him, are truly happy; but they will especially appear to be so when the wrath of Christ is kindled against others. Blessed will those be in the day of wrath, who, by trusting in Christ, have made him their refuge and patron; when the hearts of others fail them for fear they shall lift up their heads with joy; and then those who now despise Christ and his followers will be forced to say, to their own greater confusion, "Now we see that blessed are all those, and those only, that trust in him."
In singing this, and praying it over, we should have our hearts filled with a holy awe of God, but at the same time borne up with a cheerful confidence in Christ, in whose mediation we may comfort and encourage ourselves and one another. We are the circumcision, that rejoice in Christ Jesus.