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<p>The great havoc and destruction which it was foretold should be made by the Medes and Persians in Babylon here end in the final destruction of it. 1. It is allowed that Babylon was a noble city. It was <i>the glory of kingdoms and the beauty of the Chaldees’ excellency</i>; it was that <i>head of gold</i> (<a class="bibleref" title="Dan.2.37,Dan.2.38" href="/passage/?search=Dan.2.37,Dan.2.38"><span class="bibleref" title="Dan.2.37">Dan. 2:37</span>, <span class="bibleref" title="Dan.2.38">38</span></a>); it was called <i>the lady of kingdoms</i> (<a class="bibleref" title="Isa.47.5" href="/passage/?search=Isa.47.5">Isa. 47:5</a>), <i>the praise of the whole earth</i> (<a class="bibleref" title="Jer.51.41" href="/passage/?search=Jer.51.41">Jer. 51:41</a>), <i>like a pleasant roe</i> (so the word signifies); but it shall be as a <i>chased roe</i>, <a class="bibleref" title="Isa.13.14" href="/passage/?search=Isa.13.14">Isa. 13:14</a>. The Chaldeans gloried in the beauty and wealth of this their metropolis. 2. It is foretold that it should be wholly destroyed, like Sodom and Gomorrah; not so miraculously, nor so suddenly, but as effectually, though gradually; and the destruction should come upon them as that upon Sodom, when they were secure, eating and drinking, <a class="bibleref" title="Luke.17.28,Luke.17.29" href="/passage/?search=Luke.17.28,Luke.17.29"><span class="bibleref" title="Luke.17.28">Luke 17:28</span>, <span class="bibleref" title="Luke.17.29">29</span></a>. Babylon was taken when Belshazzar was in his revels; and, though Cyrus and Darius did not demolish it, yet by degrees it wasted away and in process of time it went all to ruin. It is foretold here (<a class="bibleref" title="Isa.13.20" href="/passage/?search=Isa.13.20">Isa. 13:20</a>) <i>that it shall never be inhabited</i>; in Adrian’s time nothing remained but the wall. And whereas it is prophesied concerning Nineveh, that great city, that when it should be deserted and left desolate yet flocks should lie down in the midst of it, it is here said concerning Babylon that <i>the Arabians</i>, who were <i>shepherds, should not make their folds there</i>; the country about should be so barren that there would be no grazing there; no, not for sheep. Nay, it shall be the receptacle of <i>wild beasts</i>, that affect solitude; the houses of Babylon, where the sons and daughters of pleasure used to rendezvous, <i>shall be full of doleful creatures, owls and satyrs</i>, that are themselves frightened thither, as to a place proper for them, and by whom all others are frightened thence. Historians say that this was fulfilled in the letter. Benjamin Bar-Jona, in his Itinerary, speaking of Babel, has these words: “This is that Babel which was of old thirty miles in breadth; it is now laid waste. There are yet to be seen the ruins of a palace of Nebuchadnezzar, but the sons of men dare not enter in, for fear of serpents and scorpions, which possess the place.” Let none be proud of their pompous palaces, for they know not but they may become worse than cottages; nor let any think that <i>their houses shall endure for ever</i> (<a class="bibleref" title="Ps.49.11" href="/passage/?search=Ps.49.11">Ps. 49:11</a>), when perhaps nothing may remain but the ruins and reproaches of them. 3. It is intimated that this destruction should come shortly (<a class="bibleref" title="Isa.13.22" href="/passage/?search=Isa.13.22">Isa. 13:22</a>): <i>Her time is near to come</i>. This prophecy of the destruction of Babylon was intended for the support and comfort of the people of God when they were captives there and grievously oppressed; and the accomplishment of the prophecy was nearly 200 years after the time when it was delivered; yet it followed soon after the time for which it was calculated. When the people of Israel were groaning under the heavy yoke of Babylonish tyranny, sitting down in tears by the rivers of Babylon and upbraided with the songs of Zion, when their insolent oppressors were most haughty and arrogant (<a class="bibleref" title="Isa.13.11" href="/passage
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