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1876 lines
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<TITLE>Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible [Luke XI].</TITLE>
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"This site is for those friends and family members who may or may not know Our Lord Jesus Christ, and if not, they may come to know Our Lord through His Prophets."> <meta name="author" content="Brian Duncalfe">
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<center><h1>Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
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on the Whole Bible</h1>
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<h3><a href="http://www.biblesnet.com" target="_blank">Back to Biblesnet.com Home Page</a>
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">
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[<A HREF="MHC00000.HTM">Table of Contents</A>]<BR>
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[<A HREF="MHC42010.HTM">Previous</A>]
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[<A HREF="MHC42012.HTM">Next</A>]<BR>
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<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="TOP">
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Matthew Henry<BR><I>Commentary on the Whole Bible</I> (1721)
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</TD></TR></TABLE>
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<!-- (Begin Body) -->
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<CENTER>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+3><B>L U K E.</B></FONT>
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<BR>
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<BR><FONT SIZE=+2>CHAP. XI.</FONT>
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<HR SIZE=1 WIDTH=50>
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</CENTER>
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<FONT SIZE=-1>
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<P>
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In this chapter,
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I. Christ teaches his disciples to pray, and quickens and encourages
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them to be frequent, instant, and importunate in prayer,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:1-13">ver. 1-13</A>.
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II. He fully answers the blasphemous imputation of the Pharisees, who
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charged him with casting out devils by virtue of a compact and
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confederacy with Beelzebub, the prince of the devils, and shows the
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absurdity and wickedness of it,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:14-26">ver. 14-26</A>.
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III. He shows the honour of obedient disciples to be greater than that
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of his own mother,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:27,28">ver. 27, 28</A>.
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IV. He upbraids the men of that generation for their infidelity and
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obstinacy, notwithstanding all the means of conviction offered to them,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:29-36">ver. 29-36</A>.
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V. He severely reproves the Pharisees and consciences of those that
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submitted to them, and their hating and persecuting those that
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witnessed against their wickedness,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:37-54">ver. 37-54</A>.</P>
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</FONT>
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<A NAME="Lu11_1"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_2"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_3"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_4"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_5"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_6"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_7"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_8"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_9"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_10"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_11"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_12"> </A>
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<A NAME="Lu11_13"> </A>
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<A NAME="Sec1"> </A>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
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<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>The Disciples Taught to Pray.</I></FONT></TD>
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<TR><TD><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<P>
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<FONT SIZE=+1>1 And it came to pass, that, as he was praying in a certain
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place, when he ceased, one of his disciples said unto him, Lord,
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teach us to pray, as John also taught his disciples.
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2 And he said unto them, When ye pray, say, Our Father which
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art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will
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be done, as in heaven, so in earth.
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3 Give us day by day our daily bread.
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4 And forgive us our sins; for we also forgive every one that
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is indebted to us. And lead us not into temptation; but deliver
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us from evil.
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5 And he said unto them, Which of you shall have a friend, and
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shall go unto him at midnight, and say unto him, Friend, lend me
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three loaves;
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6 For a friend of mine in his journey is come to me, and I have
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nothing to set before him?
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7 And he from within shall answer and say, Trouble me not: the
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door is now shut, and my children are with me in bed; I cannot
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rise and give thee.
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8 I say unto you, Though he will not rise and give him, because
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he is his friend, yet because of his importunity he will rise and
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give him as many as he needeth.
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9 And I say unto you, Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and
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ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you.
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10 For every one that asketh receiveth; and he that seeketh
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findeth; and to him that knocketh it shall be opened.
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11 If a son shall ask bread of any of you that is a father,
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will he give him a stone? or if <I>he ask</I> a fish, will he for a
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fish give him a serpent?
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12 Or if he shall ask an egg, will he offer him a scorpion?
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13 If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto
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your children: how much more shall <I>your</I> heavenly Father give
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the Holy Spirit to them that ask him?
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</FONT></P>
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<P>
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Prayer is one of the great laws of natural religion. That man is a
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brute, is a monster, that never prays, that never gives glory to his
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Maker, nor feels his favour, nor owns his dependence upon him. One
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great design therefore of Christianity is to <I>assist us in
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prayer,</I> to enforce the duty upon us, to instruct us in it, and
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encourage us to expect advantage by it. Now here,</P>
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<P>
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I. We find Christ himself <I>praying in a certain place,</I> probably
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where he used to pray,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:1"><I>v.</I> 1</A>.
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As God, he was <I>prayed to;</I> as man, he <I>prayed;</I> and, though
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he was a Son, yet learned he this obedience. This evangelist has taken
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particular notice of Christ's <I>praying often,</I> more than any other
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of the evangelists: when he was baptized
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+3:21"><I>ch.</I> iii. 21</A>),
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he was <I>praying;</I> he <I>withdrew into the wilderness, and
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prayed</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+5:16"><I>ch.</I> v. 16</A>);
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he <I>went out into a mountain to pray, and continued all night in
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prayer</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+6:12"><I>ch.</I> vi. 12</A>);
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he was <I>alone praying</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+9:18"><I>ch.</I> ix. 18</A>);
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soon after, he <I>went up into a mountain to pray,</I> and <I>as he
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prayed he was transfigured</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+9:28,29"><I>ch.</I> ix. 28, 29</A>);
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and here he was <I>praying in a certain place.</I> Thus, like a genuine
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son of David, he <I>gave himself unto prayer,</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+109:4">Ps. cix. 4</A>.
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Whether Christ was now <I>alone</I> praying, and the disciples only
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knew that he was so, or whether he prayed with them, is uncertain; it
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is most probable that they were joining with him.</P>
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<P>
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II. His disciples applied themselves to him for direction in prayer.
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When he was praying, they asked, <I>Lord, teach us to pray.</I> Note,
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The gifts and graces of others should excite us to covet earnestly the
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same. Their zeal should provoke us to a holy imitation and emulation;
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why should not we do as well as they? Observe, They came to him with
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this request, <I>when he ceased;</I> for they would not disturb him
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when he was at prayer, no, not with this good motion. Every thing is
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beautiful in its season. <I>One of his disciples,</I> in the name of
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the rest, and perhaps by their appointment, said, <I>Lord, teach
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us.</I> Note, Though Christ is <I>apt to teach,</I> yet he will for
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this be enquired of, and his disciples must attend him for
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instruction.</P>
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<P>
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Now,
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1. Their request is, "<I>Lord, teach us to pray;</I> give us a rule or
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model by which to go in praying, and put words into our mouths." Note,
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It becomes the disciples of Christ to apply themselves to him for
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instruction in prayer. <I>Lord, teach us to pray,</I> is itself a good
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prayer, and a very needful one, for it is a hard thing to <I>pray
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well</I> and it is Jesus Christ only that can <I>teach us,</I> by his
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word and Spirit, <I>how to pray.</I> "Lord, teach me what it is to
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pray; Lord, excite and quicken me to the duty; Lord, direct me what to
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pray for; Lord, give me praying graces, that I may serve God acceptably
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in prayer; Lord, teach me to pray in proper words; give me a mouth and
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wisdom in prayer, that I may speak as I ought; <I>teach me what I shall
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say.</I>"</P>
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<P>
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2. Their plea is, "<I>As John also taught his disciples.</I> He took
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care to instruct his disciples in this necessary duty, and we would be
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taught as they were, for we have a better Master than they had." Dr.
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Lightfoot's notion of this is, That whereas the Jews' prayers were
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generally adorations, and praises of God, and doxologies, John taught
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his disciples such prayers as were more filled up with petitions and
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requests; for it is said of them that they did <B><I>deeseis
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poiountai</I></B>--<I>make prayers,</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+5:33"><I>ch.</I> v. 33</A>.
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The word signifies such prayers as are properly petitionary. "Now,
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Lord, teach us this, to be added to those benedictions of the name of
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God which we have been accustomed to from our childhood." According to
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this sense, Christ did there teach them a prayer consisting wholly of
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petitions, and even omitting the doxology which had been affixed; and
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the <I>Amen,</I> which was usually said in the <I>giving of thanks</I>
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(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Co+14:16">1 Cor. xiv. 16</A>),
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and in the Psalms, is added to doxologies only. This disciple needed
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not to have urged John Baptist's example: Christ was more ready to
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teach than ever John Baptist was, and particularly taught to pray
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better than John did, or could, teach his disciples.</P>
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<P>
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III. Christ gave them direction, much the same as he had given them
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before in his sermon upon the mount,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mt+6:9">Matt. vi. 9</A>,
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&c. We cannot think that they had forgotten it, but they ought to have
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had further and fuller instructions, and he did not, as yet, think fit
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to give them any; when the Spirit should be poured out upon them from
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on high, they would find all their requests couched in these few words,
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and would be able, in words of their own, to expatiate and enlarge upon
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them. In Matthew he had directed them to pray <I>after this manner;</I>
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here, <I>When ye pray, say;</I> which intimates that the Lord's prayer
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was intended to be used both as a form of prayer and a directory.</P>
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<P>
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1. There are some differences between the Lord's prayer in Matthew and
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Luke, by which it appears that it was not the design of Christ that we
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should be <I>tied up</I> to these very words, for then there would have
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been no variation. Here is one difference in the translation only,
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which ought not to have been, when there is none in the original, and
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that is in the third petition: <I>As in heaven, so in earth;</I>
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whereas the words are the very same, and in the same order, as in
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Matthew. But there is a difference in the fourth petition. In Matthew
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we pray, "Give us daily bread <I>this</I> day:" here, "Give it us
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<I>day by day</I>"--<B><I>kath hemeran</I></B>. <I>Day by day;</I> that
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is, "Give us <I>each day</I> the bread which our bodies require, as
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they call for it:" not, "Give us <I>this day</I> bread for many days to
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come;" but as the Israelites had manna, "Let us have bread
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<I>to-day</I> for <I>to-day,</I> and to-<I>morrow</I> for
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to-<I>morrow;</I>" for thus we may be kept in a <I>continual
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dependence</I> upon God, as children upon their parents, and may have
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our mercies fresh from his hand daily, and may find ourselves under
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<I>fresh</I> obligations to do the work of every day in the day,
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according as the <I>duty of the day requires,</I> because we have from
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God the supplies of every day in the day, according as the <I>necessity
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of the day requires.</I> Here is likewise some difference in the fifth
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petition. In Matthew it is, <I>Forgive us our debts,</I> as we forgive:
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here it is, <I>Forgive us our sins;</I> which proves that our sins are
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our debts. <I>For we forgive;</I> not that our forgiving those that
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have offended us can <I>merit</I> pardon from God, or be an inducement
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to him to forgive us (he forgives for his own name's sake, and his
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Son's sake); but this is a very necessary qualification for
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forgiveness, and, if God have wrought it in us, we may plead that work
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of his grace for the enforcing of our petitions for the pardon of our
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sins: "Lord, forgive us, for thou hast thyself inclined us to forgive
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others." There is another addition here; we plead not only in general,
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We forgive <I>our debtors,</I> but in particular, "We profess <I>to
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forgive every one that is indebted to us,</I> without exception. We so
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<I>forgive our debtors</I> as not to bear malice or ill-will to any,
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but true love to all, without any exception whatsoever." Here also the
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doxology in the close is wholly omitted, and the <I>Amen;</I> for
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Christ would leave them at liberty to use that or any other doxology
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fetched out of David's psalms; or, rather, he left a vacuum here, to be
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filled up by a doxology more peculiar to the Christian institutes,
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ascribing glory to <I>Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.</I></P>
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<P>
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2. Yet it is, for substance, the same; and we shall therefore here only
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gather up some general lessons from it.</P>
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<P>
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(1.) That in prayer we ought to come to God as children to <I>a
|
||
|
|
Father,</I> a common Father to us and <I>all mankind,</I> but in a
|
||
|
|
peculiar manner a Father to all the disciples of Jesus Christ. Let us
|
||
|
|
therefore in our requests both for others and for ourselves, come to
|
||
|
|
him with a humble boldness, confiding in his power and goodness.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) That at the same time, and in the same petitions, which we address
|
||
|
|
to God for <I>ourselves,</I> we should take in with us <I>all the
|
||
|
|
children of men,</I> as God's creatures and our fellow-creatures. A
|
||
|
|
rooted principle of <I>catholic charity,</I> and of <I>Christian
|
||
|
|
sanctified humanity,</I> should go along with us, and dictate to us
|
||
|
|
throughout this prayer, which is so worded as to be accommodated to
|
||
|
|
that noble principle.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(3.) That in order to the confirming of the habit of
|
||
|
|
heavenly-mindedness in us, which ought to actuate and govern us in the
|
||
|
|
whole course of our conversation, we should, in all our devotions, with
|
||
|
|
an eye of faith look <I>heavenward,</I> and view the God we pray to as
|
||
|
|
our Father <I>in heaven,</I> that we may make the <I>upper world</I>
|
||
|
|
more familiar to us, and may ourselves become better prepared for the
|
||
|
|
future state.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(4.) That in prayer, as well as in the tenour of our lives, we must
|
||
|
|
<I>seek first the kingdom of God and the righteousness thereof,</I> by
|
||
|
|
ascribing honour to his name, his <I>holy</I> name, and power to his
|
||
|
|
government, both that of his providence in the world and that of his
|
||
|
|
grace in the church. O that both the one and the other may be more
|
||
|
|
manifested, and we and others more manifestly brought into subjection
|
||
|
|
to both!</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(5.) That the <I>principles</I> and <I>practices</I> of the
|
||
|
|
<I>upper</I> world, the <I>unseen</I> world (which therefore by
|
||
|
|
<I>faith</I> only we are <I>apprized of</I>), are the <I>great
|
||
|
|
original--the</I> <B><I>archetypon</I></B>, to which we should desire
|
||
|
|
that the principles and practices of this <I>lower</I> world, both in
|
||
|
|
others and in ourselves, may be more conformable. Those words, <I>As in
|
||
|
|
heaven, so on earth,</I> refer to all the first three petitions:
|
||
|
|
"Father, let <I>thy name be sanctified</I> and <I>glorified,</I> and
|
||
|
|
thy kingdom prevail, and thy will be done on this earth that is now
|
||
|
|
alienated from thy service, as it is in yonder heaven that is entirely
|
||
|
|
devoted to thy service."</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(6.) That those who faithfully and sincerely mind the kingdom of God,
|
||
|
|
and the righteousness thereof, may humbly hope that <I>all other
|
||
|
|
things,</I> as far as to Infinite Wisdom seems good, <I>shall be added
|
||
|
|
to them,</I> and they may in faith pray for them. If our first chief
|
||
|
|
desire and care be that God's name may be sanctified, his kingdom come,
|
||
|
|
and his will be done, we may then come boldly to the throne of grace
|
||
|
|
for our <I>daily bread,</I> which will <I>then</I> be sanctified to us
|
||
|
|
when we are sanctified to God, and God is sanctified by us.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(7.) That in our prayers for temporal blessings we must <I>moderate</I>
|
||
|
|
our desires, and confine them to a <I>competency.</I> The expression
|
||
|
|
here used of <I>day by day</I> is the very same with our <I>daily
|
||
|
|
bread;</I> and therefore some think that we must look for another
|
||
|
|
signification of the word <B><I>epiousios</I></B> than that of
|
||
|
|
<I>daily,</I> which we give it, and that it means our <I>necessary</I>
|
||
|
|
bread, that bread that is <I>suited</I> to the craving of our nature,
|
||
|
|
the fruit that is brought out of the earth for our bodies that are made
|
||
|
|
of the earth and are earthly,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+104:14">Ps. civ. 14</A>.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(8.) That sins are debts which we are daily contracting, and which
|
||
|
|
therefore we should every day pray for the forgiveness of. We are not
|
||
|
|
only going behind with our rent every day by <I>omissions</I> of duty
|
||
|
|
and in duty, but are daily incurring the penalty of the law, as well as
|
||
|
|
the forfeiture of our bond, by our <I>commissions.</I> Every day adds
|
||
|
|
to the score of our guilt, and it is a miracle of mercy that we have so
|
||
|
|
much encouragement given us to come every day to the throne of grace,
|
||
|
|
to pray for the pardon of our sins of daily infirmity. God
|
||
|
|
<I>multiplies to pardon</I> beyond seventy times seven.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(9.) That we have no reason to expect, nor can with any confidence
|
||
|
|
pray, that God would forgive our sins against him, if we do not
|
||
|
|
<I>sincerely,</I> and from a truly Christian principle of
|
||
|
|
<I>charity,</I> forgive those that have at any time affronted us or
|
||
|
|
been injurious to us. Though the <I>words of our mouth</I> be even
|
||
|
|
<I>this</I> prayer to God, if the meditation of our heart at the same
|
||
|
|
time be, as often it is, malice and revenge to our brethren, we are not
|
||
|
|
accepted, nor can we expect an answer of peace.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(10.) That temptations to sin should be as much dreaded and deprecated
|
||
|
|
by us as ruin by sin; and it should be as much our care and prayer to
|
||
|
|
get the power of sin broken in us as to get the guilt of sin removed
|
||
|
|
from us; and though temptation may be a charming, fawning, flattering
|
||
|
|
thing, we must be as earnest with God that we may not be led into it as
|
||
|
|
that we may not be led by that to sin, and by sin to ruin.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(11.) That God is to be depended upon, and sought unto, for our
|
||
|
|
deliverance <I>from all evil;</I> and we should pray, not only that we
|
||
|
|
may not be left to ourselves to run into evil, but that we may not be
|
||
|
|
left to Satan to bring evil upon us. Dr. Lightfoot understands it of
|
||
|
|
being delivered <I>from the evil one,</I> that is, the devil, and
|
||
|
|
suggests that we should pray particularly against the apparitions of
|
||
|
|
the devil and his possessions. The disciples were employed to <I>cast
|
||
|
|
out devils,</I> and therefore were concerned to pray that they might be
|
||
|
|
guarded against the particular spite he would always be sure to have
|
||
|
|
against them.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
IV. He stirs up and encourages importunity, fervency, and constancy, in
|
||
|
|
prayer, by showing,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. That importunity will go far in our dealings with men,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:5-8"><I>v.</I> 5-8</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Suppose a man, upon a sudden emergency, goes to borrow a loaf or two of
|
||
|
|
bread of a neighbour, at an unseasonable time of night, not for
|
||
|
|
himself, but for his friend that came unexpectedly to him. His
|
||
|
|
neighbour will be loth to accommodate him, for he has wakened him with
|
||
|
|
his knocking, and put him out of humour, and he has a great deal to say
|
||
|
|
in his excuse. The door is shut and locked, his children are asleep in
|
||
|
|
bed, in the same room with him, and, if he make a noise, he shall
|
||
|
|
disturb them. His servants are asleep, and he cannot make them hear;
|
||
|
|
and, for his own part, he shall catch cold if he rise to give him. But
|
||
|
|
his neighbour will have no nay, and therefore he continues
|
||
|
|
<I>knocking</I> still, and tells him he will do so till he has what he
|
||
|
|
comes for; so that he must give it to him, to be rid of him: <I>He will
|
||
|
|
rise, and give him as many as he needs, because of his importunity.</I>
|
||
|
|
He speaks this parable with the same intent that he speaks that in
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+18:1"><I>ch.</I> xviii. 1</A>:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>That men ought always to pray, and not to faint.</I> Not that God
|
||
|
|
can be wrought upon by importunity; we cannot be troublesome to him,
|
||
|
|
nor by being so change his counsels. We prevail with men by importunity
|
||
|
|
because they are <I>displeased</I> with it, but with God because he is
|
||
|
|
<I>pleased</I> with it. Now this similitude may be of use to us,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) To <I>direct</I> us in prayer.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.] We must come to God with <I>boldness</I> and <I>confidence</I> for
|
||
|
|
what we need, as a man does to the house of his neighbour or friend,
|
||
|
|
who, he knows, loves him, and is inclined to be kind to him.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[2.] We must come for <I>bread,</I> for that which is <I>needful,</I>
|
||
|
|
and which we cannot be without.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[3.] We must come to him by prayer <I>for others</I> as well as <I>for
|
||
|
|
ourselves.</I> This man did not come for bread for himself, but for his
|
||
|
|
friend. The Lord <I>accepted Job,</I> when he prayed for his friends,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Job+42:10">Job xlii. 10</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
We cannot come to God upon a more pleasing errand than when we come to
|
||
|
|
him for grace to enable us to do good, to <I>feed many</I> with <I>our
|
||
|
|
lips,</I> to entertain and edify those that come to us.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[4.] We may come with the more boldness to God in a strait, if it be a
|
||
|
|
strait that we have not brought ourselves into by our own folly and
|
||
|
|
carelessness, but Providence has led us into it. This man would not
|
||
|
|
have wanted bread if his friend had not come in <I>unexpectedly.</I>
|
||
|
|
The care which Providence casts upon us, we may with cheerfulness cast
|
||
|
|
back upon Providence.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[5.] We ought to <I>continue instant</I> in prayer, and watch in the
|
||
|
|
same with all perseverance.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) To <I>encourage</I> us in prayer. If importunity could prevail
|
||
|
|
thus with <I>a man</I> who was angry at it, much more with a God who is
|
||
|
|
infinitely more kind and ready to do good <I>to us</I> than we are
|
||
|
|
<I>to one another,</I> and is not angry at our importunity, but accepts
|
||
|
|
it, especially when it is for spiritual mercies that we are
|
||
|
|
importunate. If he do not answer our prayers presently, yet he will in
|
||
|
|
due time, if we continue to pray.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. That God has promised to give us what we ask of him. We have not
|
||
|
|
only the goodness of nature to take comfort from, but the word which he
|
||
|
|
has spoken
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:9,10"><I>v.</I> 9, 10</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"<I>Ask, and it shall be given you;</I> either the thing itself you
|
||
|
|
shall ask or that which is equivalent; either the thorn in the flesh
|
||
|
|
removed, or grace sufficient given in."--We had this before,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mt+7:7,8">Matt. vii. 7, 8</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>I say unto you.</I> We have it from Christ's own mouth, who knows
|
||
|
|
his Father's mind, and in whom all promises are yea and amen. We must
|
||
|
|
not only <I>ask,</I> but we must <I>seek,</I> in the use of means, must
|
||
|
|
second our prayers with our endeavours; and, in <I>asking</I> and
|
||
|
|
<I>seeking,</I> we must continue <I>pressing,</I> still knocking at the
|
||
|
|
same door, and we shall at length prevail, not only by our prayers in
|
||
|
|
concert, but by our particular prayers: <I>Every one that asketh
|
||
|
|
receiveth,</I> even the meanest saint that asks in faith. <I>This poor
|
||
|
|
man cried, and the Lord heard him,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+34:6">Ps. xxxiv. 6</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
When we ask of God those things which Christ has here directed us to
|
||
|
|
ask, that his name may be sanctified, that his kingdom may come, and
|
||
|
|
his will be done, in these requests we must be importunate, must
|
||
|
|
<I>never hold our peace day or night;</I> we must not <I>keep
|
||
|
|
silence,</I> nor <I>give God any rest, until he establish, until he
|
||
|
|
make Jerusalem a praise in the earth,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Isa+62:6,7">Isa. lxii. 6, 7</A>.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
V. He gives us both instruction and encouragement in prayer from the
|
||
|
|
consideration of our relation to God as a Father. Here is,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. An <I>appeal</I> to the <I>bowels</I> of <I>earthly fathers:</I>
|
||
|
|
"Let any of you that <I>is a father,</I> and knows the heart of a
|
||
|
|
father, a father's affection to a child and care for a child, tell me,
|
||
|
|
if his son <I>ask bread</I> for his breakfast, <I>will he give him a
|
||
|
|
stone</I> to breakfast on? <I>If he ask a fish</I> for his dinner (when
|
||
|
|
it may be a fish-day), <I>will he for a fish give him a serpent,</I>
|
||
|
|
that will poison and sting him? Or, <I>if he shall ask an egg</I> for
|
||
|
|
his supper (an egg and to bed), <I>will he offer him a scorpion?</I>
|
||
|
|
You know you could not be so unnatural to your own children,"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:11,12"><I>v.</I> 11, 12</A>.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. An <I>application</I> of this to the <I>blessings</I> of our
|
||
|
|
<I>heavenly Father</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:13"><I>v.</I> 13</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>If ye then, being evil,</I> give, and know how to <I>give, good
|
||
|
|
gifts to your children, much more shall God give you the Spirit.</I> He
|
||
|
|
shall give <I>good things;</I> so it is in Matthew. Observe,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) The direction he gives us what to <I>pray for.</I> We must ask for
|
||
|
|
the <I>Holy Spirit,</I> not only a necessary in order to our <I>praying
|
||
|
|
well,</I> but as inclusive of all the good things we are to pray for;
|
||
|
|
we need no more to make us happy, for the Spirit is the worker of
|
||
|
|
spiritual life, and the earnest of eternal life. Note, The gift of the
|
||
|
|
Holy Ghost is a gift we are every one of us concerned earnestly and
|
||
|
|
constantly to pray for.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) The <I>encouragement</I> he gives us to hope that we shall speed
|
||
|
|
in this prayer: <I>Your heavenly Father will give.</I> It is <I>in his
|
||
|
|
power</I> to give the Spirit; he has all good things to bestow, wrapped
|
||
|
|
up in that one; but that is not all, it is <I>in his promise,</I> the
|
||
|
|
gift of <I>the Holy Ghost</I> is in the covenant,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ac+2:33,38">Acts ii. 33, 38</A>,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
and it is here inferred from parents' readiness to <I>supply</I> their
|
||
|
|
children's <I>needs,</I> and <I>gratify</I> their <I>desires,</I> when
|
||
|
|
they are natural and proper. If the child ask for a <I>serpent,</I> or
|
||
|
|
a <I>scorpion,</I> the father, in kindness, will deny him, but not if
|
||
|
|
he ask for what is <I>needful,</I> and will be <I>nourishing.</I> When
|
||
|
|
God's children ask for the Spirit, they do, in effect, ask for
|
||
|
|
<I>bread;</I> for the Spirit is the staff of life; nay, he is the
|
||
|
|
Author of the soul's life. If our earthly parents, though <I>evil,</I>
|
||
|
|
be yet so kind, if they, though <I>weak,</I> be yet so <I>knowing,</I>
|
||
|
|
that they not only give, but give with discretion, give what is best,
|
||
|
|
in the best manner and time, much more will our <I>heavenly Father,</I>
|
||
|
|
who infinitely excels the fathers of our flesh both in wisdom and
|
||
|
|
goodness, give us his <I>Holy Spirit.</I> If earthly parents be willing
|
||
|
|
to lay out for the education of their children, to whom they design to
|
||
|
|
leave their estates, much more will our heavenly Father give the spirit
|
||
|
|
of sons to all those whom he has predestinated to the inheritance of
|
||
|
|
sons.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_14"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_15"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_16"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_17"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_18"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_19"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_20"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_21"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_22"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_23"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_24"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_25"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_26"> </A>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Sec2"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Christ Accused of Leaguing with Satan; Watchfulness Inculcated.</I></FONT></TD>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
|
||
|
|
</TABLE>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
<FONT SIZE=+1>14 And he was casting out a devil, and it was dumb. And it came
|
||
|
|
to pass, when the devil was gone out, the dumb spake; and the
|
||
|
|
people wondered.
|
||
|
|
15 But some of them said, He casteth out devils through
|
||
|
|
Beelzebub the chief of the devils.
|
||
|
|
16 And others, tempting <I>him,</I> sought of him a sign from
|
||
|
|
heaven.
|
||
|
|
17 But he, knowing their thoughts, said unto them, Every
|
||
|
|
kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and a
|
||
|
|
house <I>divided</I> against a house falleth.
|
||
|
|
18 If Satan also be divided against himself, how shall his
|
||
|
|
kingdom stand? because ye say that I cast out devils through
|
||
|
|
Beelzebub.
|
||
|
|
19 And if I by Beelzebub cast out devils, by whom do your sons
|
||
|
|
cast <I>them</I> out? therefore shall they be your judges.
|
||
|
|
20 But if I with the finger of God cast out devils, no doubt
|
||
|
|
the kingdom of God is come upon you.
|
||
|
|
21 When a strong man armed keepeth his palace, his goods are in
|
||
|
|
peace:
|
||
|
|
22 But when a stronger than he shall come upon him, and
|
||
|
|
overcome him, he taketh from him all his armour wherein he
|
||
|
|
trusted, and divideth his spoils.
|
||
|
|
23 He that is not with me is against me: and he that gathereth
|
||
|
|
not with me scattereth.
|
||
|
|
24 When the unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh
|
||
|
|
through dry places, seeking rest; and finding none, he saith, I
|
||
|
|
will return unto my house whence I came out.
|
||
|
|
25 And when he cometh, he findeth <I>it</I> swept and garnished.
|
||
|
|
26 Then goeth he, and taketh <I>to him</I> seven other spirits more
|
||
|
|
wicked than himself; and they enter in, and dwell there: and the
|
||
|
|
last <I>state</I> of that man is worse than the first.
|
||
|
|
</FONT></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The substance of these verses we had in
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mt+12:22">Matt. xii. 22</A>,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
&c. Christ is here giving a general proof of his divine mission, by a
|
||
|
|
particular proof of his power over Satan, his conquest of whom was an
|
||
|
|
indication of his great design in coming into the world, which was, to
|
||
|
|
<I>destroy the works of the devil.</I> Here too he gives an earnest of
|
||
|
|
the success of that undertaking. He is here casting out <I>a devil</I>
|
||
|
|
that made the poor possessed man <I>dumb:</I> in Matthew we are told
|
||
|
|
that he was <I>blind</I> and <I>dumb.</I> When the devil was forced out
|
||
|
|
by the word of Christ, the <I>dumb</I> spoke immediately, echoed to
|
||
|
|
Christ's word, and the lips were opened to show forth his praise.
|
||
|
|
Now,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
I. Some were <I>affected</I> with this miracle. The people
|
||
|
|
<I>wondered;</I> they admired the power of God, and especially that it
|
||
|
|
should be exerted by the hand of one who made so small a figure, that
|
||
|
|
one who did the work of the Messiah should have so little of that pomp
|
||
|
|
of the Messiah which they expected.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
II. Others were <I>offended</I> at it, and, to justify their
|
||
|
|
infidelity, suggested that it was by virtue of a league with Beelzebub,
|
||
|
|
the prince of the devils, that he did this,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:15"><I>v.</I> 15</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
It seems, in the devil's kingdom there are chiefs, which supposes that
|
||
|
|
there are subalterns. Now they would have it <I>thought,</I> or
|
||
|
|
<I>said</I> at least, that there was a correspondence settled between
|
||
|
|
Christ and the devil, that the devil should have the advantage in the
|
||
|
|
main and be victorious at last, but that in order hereto, in particular
|
||
|
|
instances, he should yield Christ the advantage and retire by consent.
|
||
|
|
Some, to <I>corroborate</I> this suggestion, and <I>confront</I> the
|
||
|
|
evidence of Christ's miraculous power, challenged him to <I>give them a
|
||
|
|
sign from heaven</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:16"><I>v.</I> 16</A>),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
to confirm his doctrine by some appearance in the <I>clouds,</I> such
|
||
|
|
as was upon mount Sinai when the law was given; as if a <I>sign from
|
||
|
|
heaven,</I> not disprovable by any sagacity of theirs, could not have
|
||
|
|
been given them as well by a compact and collusion with <I>the prince
|
||
|
|
of the power of the air, who works with power and lying wonders,</I> as
|
||
|
|
the <I>casting out of a devil;</I> nay, that would not have been any
|
||
|
|
present prejudice to his interest, which this manifestly was. Note,
|
||
|
|
Obstinate infidelity will never be at a loss for something to say in
|
||
|
|
its own excuse, though ever so frivolous and absurd. Now Christ here
|
||
|
|
returns a full and direct answer to this cavil of theirs; in which he
|
||
|
|
shows,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. That it can by no means be imagined that such a subtle prince as
|
||
|
|
Satan is should ever agree to measures that had such a direct tendency
|
||
|
|
to his own overthrow, and the undermining of his own kingdom,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:17,18"><I>v.</I> 17, 18</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
What they objected they kept to themselves, afraid to speak it, lest it
|
||
|
|
should be answered and baffled; but Jesus <I>knew their thoughts,</I>
|
||
|
|
even when they industriously thought to conceal them, and he said, "You
|
||
|
|
yourselves cannot but see the groundlessness, and consequently the
|
||
|
|
spitefulness, of this charge; for it is an allowed maxim, confirmed by
|
||
|
|
every day's experience, that no interest can stand that is divided
|
||
|
|
against itself; not the more <I>public</I> interest of a
|
||
|
|
<I>kingdom,</I> nor the <I>private</I> interest of a house or family;
|
||
|
|
if either the one or the other be <I>divided against itself,</I> it
|
||
|
|
cannot stand. Satan would herein act against himself; not only by the
|
||
|
|
miracle which turned him out of possession of the bodies of people, but
|
||
|
|
much more in the doctrine for the explication and confirmation of which
|
||
|
|
the miracle was wrought, which had a direct tendency to the ruin of
|
||
|
|
Satan's interest in the minds of men, by mortifying sin, and turning
|
||
|
|
men to the service of God. Now, if Satan should thus be <I>divided
|
||
|
|
against himself,</I> he would hasten his own overthrow, which you
|
||
|
|
cannot suppose an enemy to do that acts so subtlely for his own
|
||
|
|
establishment, and is so solicitous to have his kingdom stand."</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. That was a very partial ill-natured thing for them to impute that in
|
||
|
|
him to a compact with Satan which yet they applauded and admired in
|
||
|
|
others that were of their own nation
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:19"><I>v.</I> 19</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"<I>By whom do your sons cast them out?</I> Some of your own
|
||
|
|
<I>kindred,</I> as Jews, nay, and some of your own <I>followers,</I> as
|
||
|
|
Pharisees, have undertaken, in the name of the God of Israel, to cast
|
||
|
|
out devils, and they were never charged with such a hellish combination
|
||
|
|
as I am charged with." Note, It is gross hypocrisy to <I>condemn</I>
|
||
|
|
that in those who <I>reprove</I> us which yet we <I>allow</I> in those
|
||
|
|
that <I>flatter</I> us.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3. That, in opposing the conviction of this miracle, they were enemies
|
||
|
|
to themselves, stood in their own light, and put a bar in their own
|
||
|
|
door, for they thrust from them the kingdom of God
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:2"><I>v.</I> 20</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"<I>If I with the finger of God cast out devils,</I> as you may assure
|
||
|
|
yourselves I do, <I>no doubt the kingdom of God is come upon you,</I>
|
||
|
|
the kingdom of the Messiah offers itself and all its advantages to you,
|
||
|
|
and, if you receive it not, it is at your peril." In Matthew it is
|
||
|
|
<I>by the Spirit of God,</I> here <I>by the finger of God;</I> the
|
||
|
|
Spirit is the <I>arm of the Lord,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Isa+53:1">Isa. liii. 1</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
His greatest and most mighty works were wrought by <I>his Spirit;</I>
|
||
|
|
but, if the Spirit in this work is said to be the <I>finger of the
|
||
|
|
Lord,</I> it perhaps may intimate how <I>easily</I> Christ did and
|
||
|
|
could conquer Satan, even with the <I>finger of God,</I> the exerting
|
||
|
|
of the divine power in a less and lower degree than in many other
|
||
|
|
instances. He needed not make bare his <I>everlasting arm;</I> that
|
||
|
|
roaring lion, when <I>he</I> pleases, is crushed, like a moth, with a
|
||
|
|
touch of <I>a finger.</I> Perhaps here is an allusion to the
|
||
|
|
acknowledgment of Pharaoh's magicians, when they were run aground
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ex+8:19">Exod. viii. 19</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This is <I>the finger of God.</I> "Now if the <I>kingdom of God</I> be
|
||
|
|
herein <I>come to you,</I> and you be found by those cavils and
|
||
|
|
blasphemies fighting against it, it will come <I>upon you</I> as a
|
||
|
|
victorious force which you cannot stand before."</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4. That his casting out devils was really the destroying of them and
|
||
|
|
their power, for it confirmed a doctrine which had a direct tendency to
|
||
|
|
the ruining of his kingdom,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:21,22"><I>v.</I> 21, 22</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Perhaps there had been some who had cast out the inferior devils by
|
||
|
|
compact with Beelzebub their chief, but that was without any real
|
||
|
|
damage or prejudice to Satan and his kingdom, what he lost one way he
|
||
|
|
gained another. The devil and such exorcists <I>played booty,</I> as we
|
||
|
|
say, and, while the forlorn hope of his army <I>gave ground,</I> the
|
||
|
|
main body thereby <I>gained ground;</I> the interest of Satan in the
|
||
|
|
souls of men was not weakened by it in the least. But, when Christ cast
|
||
|
|
out devils, he needed not do it by any compact with them, for he was
|
||
|
|
<I>stronger than they,</I> and could do it <I>by force,</I> and did it
|
||
|
|
so as to ruin Satan's power and blast his great design by that doctrine
|
||
|
|
and that grace which break the power of sin, and so rout Satan's main
|
||
|
|
body, take from him <I>all his armour,</I> and <I>divide his
|
||
|
|
spoils,</I> which no one devil ever did to another or ever will. Now
|
||
|
|
this is applicable to Christ's victories over Satan both in the world
|
||
|
|
and in the hearts of particular persons, by that power which went along
|
||
|
|
with the preaching of his gospel, and does still. And so we may
|
||
|
|
observe here,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) The miserable condition of an unconverted sinner. In his heart,
|
||
|
|
which was fitted to be a habitation of God, the devil has his palace;
|
||
|
|
and all the powers and the faculties of the soul, being employed by him
|
||
|
|
in the service of sin, are <I>his goods.</I> Note,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.] The heart of every unconverted sinner is the <I>devil's
|
||
|
|
palace,</I> where he <I>resides</I> and where he <I>rules;</I> he
|
||
|
|
<I>works</I> in the <I>children of disobedience.</I> The heart is a
|
||
|
|
<I>palace,</I> a noble dwelling; but the unsanctified heart is the
|
||
|
|
<I>devil's palace.</I> His will is obeyed, his interests are served,
|
||
|
|
and the militia is in his hands; he <I>usurps</I> the throne in the
|
||
|
|
soul.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[2.] The devil, as a <I>strong man armed, keeps</I> this palace, does
|
||
|
|
all he can to secure it to himself, and to fortify it against Christ.
|
||
|
|
All the prejudices with which he hardens men's hearts against truth and
|
||
|
|
holiness are the <I>strong-holds</I> which he erects for the <I>keeping
|
||
|
|
of his palace;</I> this palace is his <I>garrison.</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[3.] There is a kind of <I>peace</I> in the palace of an unconverted
|
||
|
|
soul, while the devil, as a <I>strong man armed,</I> keeps it. The
|
||
|
|
sinner has a good opinion of himself, is very secure and merry, has no
|
||
|
|
doubt concerning the goodness of his state nor any dread of the
|
||
|
|
judgment to come; he flatters himself in his own eyes, and cries peace
|
||
|
|
to himself. Before Christ appeared, all was quiet, because all <I>went
|
||
|
|
one way;</I> but the preaching of the gospel disturbed the peace of the
|
||
|
|
devil's palace.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) The wonderful change that is made in conversion, which is Christ's
|
||
|
|
victory over this usurper. <I>Satan</I> is a <I>strong man armed;</I>
|
||
|
|
but our Lord Jesus is <I>stronger than he,</I> as God, as Mediator.
|
||
|
|
<I>If we speak of strength, he is strong:</I> more are <I>with</I> us
|
||
|
|
than <I>against us.</I> Observe,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.] The manner of this victory: <I>He comes upon him</I> by surprise,
|
||
|
|
when his <I>goods are in peace</I> and the devil thinks it is all
|
||
|
|
<I>his own</I> for ever, and <I>overcomes</I> him. Note, The conversion
|
||
|
|
of a soul to God is Christ's victory over the devil and his power in
|
||
|
|
that soul, restoring the soul to its liberty, and recovering his own
|
||
|
|
interest in it and dominion over it.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[2.] The evidences of this victory. <I>First,</I> He <I>takes from him
|
||
|
|
all his armour wherein he trusted.</I> The devil is a <I>confident</I>
|
||
|
|
adversary; he <I>trusts</I> to his <I>armour,</I> as Pharaoh to his
|
||
|
|
rivers
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Eze+29:3">Ezek. xxix. 3</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
but Christ disarms him. When the power of sin and corruption in the
|
||
|
|
soul is broken, when the mistakes are rectified, the eyes opened, the
|
||
|
|
heart humbled and changed, and made serious and spiritual, then Satan's
|
||
|
|
<I>armour</I> is <I>taken away. Secondly,</I> He <I>divides the
|
||
|
|
spoils;</I> he <I>takes possession</I> of them for himself. All the
|
||
|
|
endowments of mind and body, the estate, power, interest, which before
|
||
|
|
were made use of in the service of sin and Satan, are now converted to
|
||
|
|
Christ's service and employed for him; yet this is not all; he <I>makes
|
||
|
|
a distribution</I> of them among his followers, and, and having
|
||
|
|
conquered Satan, gives to all believers the benefit of that victory.
|
||
|
|
Hence Christ infers that, since the whole drift of his doctrine and
|
||
|
|
miracles was to break the power of the devil, that great enemy of
|
||
|
|
mankind, it was the duty of all to join with him and to follow his
|
||
|
|
guidance, to receive his gospel and come heartily into the interests of
|
||
|
|
it; for otherwise they would justly be reckoned as siding with the
|
||
|
|
enemy
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:23"><I>v.</I> 23</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>He that is not with me is against me.</I> Those therefore who
|
||
|
|
rejected the doctrine of Christ, and slighted his miracles, were looked
|
||
|
|
upon as adversaries to him, and in the devil's interest.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5. That there was a vast difference between the devil's <I>going
|
||
|
|
out</I> by compact and his being <I>cast out</I> by compulsion. Those
|
||
|
|
out of whom Christ <I>cast him</I> he never entered into again, for so
|
||
|
|
was Christ's charge
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mk+9:25">Mark ix. 25</A>);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
whereas, if he had <I>gone out,</I> whenever he saw fit he would have
|
||
|
|
made a re-entry, for that is the way of the unclean spirit, when he
|
||
|
|
voluntarily and with design <I>goes out of a man,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:24-26"><I>v.</I> 24-26</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The prince of the devils may <I>give leave,</I> nay, may <I>give
|
||
|
|
order,</I> to his forces to retreat, or make a feint, to draw the poor
|
||
|
|
deluded soul into an <I>ambush;</I> but Christ, as he gives a
|
||
|
|
<I>total,</I> so he gives a <I>final,</I> defeat to the enemy. In this
|
||
|
|
part of the argument he has a further intention, which is to represent
|
||
|
|
the state of those who have had fair offers made them,--among whom, and
|
||
|
|
in whom, God has begun to break the devil's power and overthrow his
|
||
|
|
kingdom,--but they reject his counsel against themselves, and relapse
|
||
|
|
into a state of subjection to Satan. Here we have,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) The condition of a <I>formal hypocrite,</I> his <I>bright side</I>
|
||
|
|
and his <I>dark side.</I> His heart still remains the <I>devil's
|
||
|
|
house;</I> he calls it his own, and he retains his interest in it; and
|
||
|
|
yet,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.] The <I>unclean spirit is gone out.</I> He was not <I>driven
|
||
|
|
out</I> by the power of converting grace; there was none of that
|
||
|
|
<I>violence</I> which the kingdom of heaven suffers; but he <I>went
|
||
|
|
out,</I> withdrew for a time, so that the man seemed not to be under
|
||
|
|
the power of Satan as formerly, nor so followed with his temptations.
|
||
|
|
Satan is <I>gone,</I> or has <I>turned himself into an angel of
|
||
|
|
light.</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[2.] The <I>house is swept</I> from common pollutions, by a forced
|
||
|
|
confession of sin, as Pharaoh's--a feigned contrition for it, as
|
||
|
|
Ahab's,--and a partial reformation, as Herod's. There are those that
|
||
|
|
have <I>escaped the pollutions of the world,</I> and yet are still
|
||
|
|
under the power of the <I>god of this world,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=2Pe+2:20">2 Pet. ii. 20</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The house is <I>swept,</I> but it is not <I>washed;</I> and Christ hath
|
||
|
|
said, <I>If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me;</I> the house
|
||
|
|
must be <I>washed,</I> or it is <I>none of his.</I> Sweeping takes off
|
||
|
|
only the loose dirt, while the sin that <I>besets</I> the sinner, the
|
||
|
|
beloved sin, is untouched. It is swept from the filth that lies open to
|
||
|
|
the eye of the world, but it is not searched and ransacked for secret
|
||
|
|
filthiness,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mt+23:25">Matt. xxiii. 25</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
It is <I>swept,</I> but the <I>leprosy is in the wall,</I> and will be
|
||
|
|
till something more be done.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[3.] The house is <I>garnished</I> with common gifts and graces. It is
|
||
|
|
not <I>furnished</I> with any true grace, but <I>garnished</I> with the
|
||
|
|
pictures of all graces. Simon Magus was <I>garnished</I> with faith,
|
||
|
|
Balaam with good desires, Herod with a respect for John, the Pharisees
|
||
|
|
with many external performances. It is garnished, but it is like a
|
||
|
|
<I>potsherd covered with silver dross,</I> it is all paint and varnish,
|
||
|
|
not real, not lasting. The house is <I>garnished,</I> but the property
|
||
|
|
is not altered; it was never surrendered to Christ, nor inhabited by
|
||
|
|
the Spirit. Let us therefore take heed of resting in that which a man
|
||
|
|
may have and yet come short.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) Here is the condition of a <I>final apostate,</I> into whom the
|
||
|
|
devil returns after he had <I>gone out: Then goes he, and takes seven
|
||
|
|
other spirits more wicked than himself</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:26"><I>v.</I> 26</A>);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
a certain number for an uncertain, as <I>seven devils</I> are said to
|
||
|
|
be cast out of Mary Magdalene. <I>Seven wicked spirits</I> are opposed
|
||
|
|
to the <I>seven spirits of God,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Re+3:1">Rev. iii. 1</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
These are said to be more wicked than himself. It seems, even devils
|
||
|
|
are not all alike wicked; probably, the degrees of their wickedness,
|
||
|
|
now that they are <I>fallen,</I> are as the degrees of their holiness
|
||
|
|
were while they stood. When the devil would do mischief most
|
||
|
|
effectually, he employs those that are more mischievous than himself.
|
||
|
|
These <I>enter in</I> without any difficulty or opposition; they are
|
||
|
|
welcomed, and they <I>dwell there;</I> there they <I>work,</I> there
|
||
|
|
they <I>rule;</I> and the <I>last state of that man is worse than the
|
||
|
|
first.</I> Note,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.] Hypocrisy is the high road to apostasy. If the heart remains in
|
||
|
|
the interest of sin and Satan, the shows and shadows will <I>come to
|
||
|
|
nothing;</I> those that have not set that right will not long be
|
||
|
|
stedfast. Where secret haunts of sin are kept up, under the cloak of a
|
||
|
|
visible profession, conscience is debauched, God is provoked to
|
||
|
|
withdraw his restraining grace, and the <I>close</I> hypocrite commonly
|
||
|
|
proves an <I>open</I> apostate,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[2.] The last state of such is <I>worse than the first,</I> in respect
|
||
|
|
both of sin and punishment. Apostates are usually the worst of men, the
|
||
|
|
most vain and profligate, the most bold and daring; their consciences
|
||
|
|
are seared, and their sins of all others the most aggravated. God often
|
||
|
|
sets marks of his displeasure upon them in <I>this</I> world, and in
|
||
|
|
the other world they will <I>receive the greater damnation.</I> Let us
|
||
|
|
therefore hear, and fear, and hold fast our integrity.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_27"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_28"> </A>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Sec3"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Praise and a Blessing.</I></FONT></TD>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
|
||
|
|
</TABLE>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
<FONT SIZE=+1>27 And it came to pass, as he spake these things, a certain
|
||
|
|
woman of the company lifted up her voice, and said unto him,
|
||
|
|
Blessed <I>is</I> the womb that bare thee, and the paps which thou
|
||
|
|
hast sucked.
|
||
|
|
28 But he said, Yea rather, blessed <I>are</I> they that hear the
|
||
|
|
word of God, and keep it.
|
||
|
|
</FONT></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
We had not this passage in the other evangelists, nor can we tack it,
|
||
|
|
as Dr. Hammond does, to that of Christ's mother and brethren desiring
|
||
|
|
to speak with him (for this evangelist also has related that in
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+8:19"><I>ch.</I> viii. 19</A>),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
but it contains an interruption much like that, and, like that,
|
||
|
|
occasion is taken from it for instruction.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. The applause which an affectionate, honest, well-meaning woman gave
|
||
|
|
to our Lord Jesus, upon hearing his excellent discourses. While the
|
||
|
|
scribes and Pharisees despised and blasphemed them, this good woman
|
||
|
|
(and probably she was a person of some quality) admired them, and the
|
||
|
|
wisdom and power with which he spoke: <I>As he spoke these things</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:27"><I>v.</I> 27</A>),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
with a convincing force and evidence, a <I>certain woman of the
|
||
|
|
company</I> was so pleased to hear how he had confounded the Pharisees,
|
||
|
|
and conquered them, and put them to shame, and cleared himself from
|
||
|
|
their vile insinuations, that she could not forbear crying out,
|
||
|
|
"<I>Blessed is the womb that bore thee.</I> What an admirable, what an
|
||
|
|
excellent man is this! Surely never was there a greater or better born
|
||
|
|
of a woman: happy the woman that has him for her son. I should have
|
||
|
|
thought myself very happy to have been the mother of one that <I>speaks
|
||
|
|
as never man spoke,</I> that has so much of the grace of heaven in him,
|
||
|
|
and is so great a blessing to this earth." This was <I>well said,</I>
|
||
|
|
as it expressed her high esteem of Christ, and that for the sake of his
|
||
|
|
doctrine; and it was not amiss that it reflected honour upon the virgin
|
||
|
|
Mary his mother, for it agreed with what she herself had said
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+1:48"><I>ch.</I> i. 48</A>),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>All generations shall call me blessed;</I> some even of this
|
||
|
|
generation, bad as it was. Note, To all that believe the word of Christ
|
||
|
|
the person of Christ is precious, and he is <I>an honour,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Pe+2:7">1 Pet. ii. 7</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Yet we must be careful, lest, as this good woman, we too much magnify
|
||
|
|
the honour of his natural kindred, and so <I>know him after the
|
||
|
|
flesh,</I> whereas we must now henceforth <I>know him so no
|
||
|
|
more.</I></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. The occasion which Christ took from this to pronounce <I>them</I>
|
||
|
|
more happy who are his faithful and obedient followers than she was who
|
||
|
|
bore and nursed him. He does not deny what this woman said, nor refuse
|
||
|
|
her respect to him and his mother; but leads her from this to that
|
||
|
|
which was of higher consideration, and which more concerned her:
|
||
|
|
<I>Yea, rather, blessed are they that hear the word of God, and keep
|
||
|
|
it,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:28"><I>v.</I> 28</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
He thinks them so; and his saying that they are so makes them so, and
|
||
|
|
should make us of his mind. This is intended partly as a <I>check</I>
|
||
|
|
to her, for doting so much upon his bodily presence and his human
|
||
|
|
nature, partly as an <I>encouragement</I> to her to hope that she might
|
||
|
|
be as happy as his own mother, whose happiness she was ready to envy,
|
||
|
|
if she would <I>hear the word of God and keep it.</I> Note, Though it
|
||
|
|
is a great privilege to hear the word of God, yet those only are truly
|
||
|
|
blessed, that is, blessed of the Lord, that hear it and <I>keep</I> it,
|
||
|
|
that keep it in memory, and keep to it as their way and rule.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_29"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_30"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_31"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_32"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_33"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_34"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_35"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_36"> </A>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Sec4"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>The Sign of the Prophet Jonah.</I></FONT></TD>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
|
||
|
|
</TABLE>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
<FONT SIZE=+1>29 And when the people were gathered thick together, he began
|
||
|
|
to say, This is an evil generation: they seek a sign; and there
|
||
|
|
shall no sign be given it, but the sign of Jonas the prophet.
|
||
|
|
30 For as Jonas was a sign unto the Ninevites, so shall also
|
||
|
|
the Son of man be to this generation.
|
||
|
|
31 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with
|
||
|
|
the men of this generation, and condemn them: for she came from
|
||
|
|
the utmost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and,
|
||
|
|
behold, a greater than Solomon <I>is</I> here.
|
||
|
|
32 The men of Nineve shall rise up in the judgment with this
|
||
|
|
generation, and shall condemn it: for they repented at the
|
||
|
|
preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas <I>is</I> here.
|
||
|
|
33 No man, when he hath lighted a candle, putteth <I>it</I> in a
|
||
|
|
secret place, neither under a bushel, but on a candlestick, that
|
||
|
|
they which come in may see the light.
|
||
|
|
34 The light of the body is the eye: therefore when thine eye
|
||
|
|
is single, thy whole body also is full of light; but when <I>thine
|
||
|
|
eye</I> is evil, thy body also <I>is</I> full of darkness.
|
||
|
|
35 Take heed therefore that the light which is in thee be not
|
||
|
|
darkness.
|
||
|
|
36 If thy whole body therefore <I>be</I> full of light, having no
|
||
|
|
part dark, the whole shall be full of light, as when the bright
|
||
|
|
shining of a candle doth give thee light.
|
||
|
|
</FONT></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Christ's discourse in these verses shows two things:--</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
I. What is the <I>sign</I> we may <I>expect</I> from God for the
|
||
|
|
<I>confirmation</I> of our <I>faith.</I> The great and most convincing
|
||
|
|
proof of Christ's being sent of God, and which they were yet to wait
|
||
|
|
for, after the many signs that had been given them, was the
|
||
|
|
resurrection of Christ from the dead. Here is,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. A reproof to the people for demanding other signs than what had
|
||
|
|
already been given them in great plenty: <I>The people were gathered
|
||
|
|
thickly together</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:29"><I>v.</I> 29</A>),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
a vast crowd of them, expecting not so much to have their consciences
|
||
|
|
informed by the doctrine of Christ as to have their curiosity gratified
|
||
|
|
by his miracles. Christ knew what brought such a multitude together;
|
||
|
|
they came <I>seeking a sign,</I> they came to gaze, to have something
|
||
|
|
to talk of when they went home; and it is an <I>evil generation</I>
|
||
|
|
which nothing will awaken and convince, no, not the most sensible
|
||
|
|
demonstrations of divine power and goodness.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. A promise that yet there should be <I>one sign</I> more given them,
|
||
|
|
different from any that had yet been given them, even the <I>sign of
|
||
|
|
Jonas the prophet,</I> which in Matthew is explained as meaning the
|
||
|
|
<I>resurrection of Christ.</I> As Jonas being cast into the sea, and
|
||
|
|
lying there three days, and then coming up alive and preaching
|
||
|
|
repentance to the Ninevites, was a sign to them, upon which they turned
|
||
|
|
from their evil way, so shall the death and resurrection of Christ, and
|
||
|
|
the preaching of his gospel immediately after to the Gentile world, be
|
||
|
|
the last warning to the Jewish nation. If they be provoked to a <I>holy
|
||
|
|
jealousy</I> by this, well and good; but, if this do not work upon
|
||
|
|
them, let them look for nothing but utter ruin: <I>The Son of Man shall
|
||
|
|
be a sign to this generation</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:30"><I>v.</I> 30</A>),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
a sign speaking to them, though a sign spoken against by them.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3. A warning to them to improve this sign; for it was at their peril if
|
||
|
|
they did not.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) The <I>queen of Sheba</I> would <I>rise up in judgment against
|
||
|
|
them,</I> and condemn <I>their unbelief,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:31"><I>v.</I> 31</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
She was a stranger to the commonwealth of Israel, and yet so readily
|
||
|
|
gave credit to the report she heard of the glories of a king of Israel,
|
||
|
|
that, notwithstanding the prejudices we are apt to conceive against
|
||
|
|
foreigners, she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to <I>hear
|
||
|
|
his wisdom,</I> not only to satisfy her curiosity, but to inform her
|
||
|
|
mind, especially in the knowledge of the true God and his worship,
|
||
|
|
which is upon record, to her honour; and, behold, a <I>greater than
|
||
|
|
Solomon in here,</I> <B><I>pleion Solomontos</I></B>--<I>more than a
|
||
|
|
Solomon is here;</I> that is, says Dr. Hammond, more of wisdom and more
|
||
|
|
heavenly divine doctrine than ever was in all Solomon's words or
|
||
|
|
writings; and yet these wretched Jews will give no manner of regard to
|
||
|
|
what Christ says to them, though he be in the midst of them.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) The Ninevites would rise up in judgment against them, and condemn
|
||
|
|
their impenitency
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:32"><I>v.</I> 32</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
They <I>repented at the preaching of Jonas;</I> but here is preaching
|
||
|
|
which far exceeds that of Jonas, is more powerful and awakening, and
|
||
|
|
threatens a much sorer ruin than that of Nineveh, and yet none are
|
||
|
|
startled by it, to turn <I>from their evil way,</I> as the Ninevites
|
||
|
|
did.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
II. What is the <I>sign</I> that God <I>expects</I> from us for the
|
||
|
|
<I>evidencing</I> of our faith, and that is the serious practice of
|
||
|
|
that religion which we profess to believe, and a readiness to entertain
|
||
|
|
all divine truths, when brought to us in their proper evidence. Now
|
||
|
|
observe,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. They had <I>the light</I> with all the advantage they could desire.
|
||
|
|
For God, having <I>lighted the candle</I> of the gospel, did not put it
|
||
|
|
in a <I>secret place,</I> or <I>under a bushel;</I> Christ did not
|
||
|
|
preach in corners. The apostles were ordered to preach the gospel to
|
||
|
|
every creature; and both Christ and his ministers, Wisdom and her
|
||
|
|
maidens, cry in the <I>chief places of concourse,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:33"><I>v.</I> 33</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
It is a great privilege that the light of the gospel is put on a
|
||
|
|
<I>candlestick,</I> so that all that come in may <I>see it,</I> and may
|
||
|
|
<I>see by it</I> where they are and whither they are going, and what is
|
||
|
|
the true, and sure, and only way to happiness.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. Having the <I>light,</I> their concern was to have the <I>sight,</I>
|
||
|
|
or else to what purpose had they the light? Be the <I>object</I> ever
|
||
|
|
so <I>clear,</I> if the <I>organ</I> be not <I>right,</I> we are never
|
||
|
|
the better: <I>The light of the body is the eye</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:34"><I>v.</I> 34</A>),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
which receives the light of the candle when it is brought into the
|
||
|
|
room. So the light of the soul is the understanding and judgment, and
|
||
|
|
its power of discerning between good and evil, truth and falsehood.
|
||
|
|
Now, according as this is, so the light of divine revelation is to us,
|
||
|
|
and our benefit by it; it is a savour of life unto life, or of death
|
||
|
|
unto death.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) If this eye of the soul be <I>single,</I> if it see <I>clear,</I>
|
||
|
|
see things as they are, and judge impartially concerning them, if it
|
||
|
|
aim at <I>truth</I> only, and seek it for its own sake, and have not
|
||
|
|
any sinister by--looks and intentions, the <I>whole body,</I> that is,
|
||
|
|
the whole soul, is <I>full of light,</I> it receives and entertains the
|
||
|
|
gospel, which will bring along with it into the soul both
|
||
|
|
<I>knowledge</I> and <I>joy.</I> This denotes the same thing with that
|
||
|
|
of the good ground, <I>receiving the word</I> and <I>understanding</I>
|
||
|
|
it. If our understanding admits the gospel in its full light, it fills
|
||
|
|
the soul, and it has enough to <I>fill</I> it. And if the soul be thus
|
||
|
|
<I>filled</I> with the light of the gospel, <I>having no part
|
||
|
|
dark,</I>--if all its powers and faculties be subjected to the
|
||
|
|
government and influence of the gospel, and none left
|
||
|
|
unsanctified,--then <I>the whole soul shall be full of light,</I> full
|
||
|
|
of holiness and comfort. <I>It was darkness</I> itself, but now light
|
||
|
|
in the Lord, <I>as when the bright shining of a candle doth give thee
|
||
|
|
light,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:36"><I>v.</I> 36</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Note, The gospel will come into those souls whose doors and windows are
|
||
|
|
thrown open to receive it; and where it comes it will bring light with
|
||
|
|
it. But,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) If the <I>eye of the</I> soul be <I>evil,</I>--if the judgment be
|
||
|
|
<I>bribed</I> and <I>biassed</I> by the corrupt and vicious
|
||
|
|
dispositions of the mind, by pride and envy, by the love of the world
|
||
|
|
and sensual pleasures,--if the understanding be <I>prejudiced</I>
|
||
|
|
against divine truths, and resolved not to admit them, though brought
|
||
|
|
with ever so convincing an evidence,--it is no wonder that the <I>whole
|
||
|
|
body,</I> the whole soul, should be <I>full of darkness,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:34"><I>v.</I> 34</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
How can they have instruction, information, direction, or comfort, from
|
||
|
|
the gospel, that wilfully shut their eyes against it? and what hope is
|
||
|
|
there of such? what remedy for them? The inference hence therefore is,
|
||
|
|
<I>Take heed that the light which is in thee be not darkness,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:35"><I>v.</I> 35</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Take heed that the eye of the mind be not blinded by partiality, and
|
||
|
|
prejudice, and sinful aims. Be sincere in your enquiries after truth,
|
||
|
|
and ready to receive it in the light, and love, and power of it; and
|
||
|
|
not as the men of <I>this generation</I> to whom Christ preached, who
|
||
|
|
never sincerely <I>desired</I> to know God's will, nor <I>designed</I>
|
||
|
|
to do it, and therefore no wonder that they <I>walked on in
|
||
|
|
darkness,</I> wandered <I>endlessly,</I> and perished
|
||
|
|
<I>eternally.</I></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_37"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_38"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_39"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_40"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_41"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_42"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_43"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_44"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_45"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_46"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_47"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_48"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_49"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_50"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_51"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_52"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_53"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Lu11_54"> </A>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A NAME="Sec5"> </A>
|
||
|
|
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE=+1><I>Woes Denounced on That Generation; The Pharisees and Lawyers Reproved.</I></FONT></TD>
|
||
|
|
<TR><TD><HR SIZE=1></TD></TR>
|
||
|
|
</TABLE>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
<FONT SIZE=+1>37 And as he spake, a certain Pharisee besought him to dine
|
||
|
|
with him: and he went in, and sat down to meat.
|
||
|
|
38 And when the Pharisee saw <I>it,</I> he marvelled that he had not
|
||
|
|
first washed before dinner.
|
||
|
|
39 And the Lord said unto him, Now do ye Pharisees make clean
|
||
|
|
the outside of the cup and the platter; but your inward part is
|
||
|
|
full of ravening and wickedness.
|
||
|
|
40 <I>Ye</I> fools, did not he that made that which is without make
|
||
|
|
that which is within also?
|
||
|
|
41 But rather give alms of such things as ye have; and, behold,
|
||
|
|
all things are clean unto you.
|
||
|
|
42 But woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye tithe mint and rue and
|
||
|
|
all manner of herbs, and pass over judgment and the love of God:
|
||
|
|
these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.
|
||
|
|
43 Woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye love the uppermost seats in
|
||
|
|
the synagogues, and greetings in the markets.
|
||
|
|
44 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are
|
||
|
|
as graves which appear not, and the men that walk over <I>them</I> are
|
||
|
|
not aware <I>of them.</I>
|
||
|
|
45 Then answered one of the lawyers, and said unto him, Master,
|
||
|
|
thus saying thou reproachest us also.
|
||
|
|
46 And he said, Woe unto you also, <I>ye</I> lawyers! for ye lade
|
||
|
|
men with burdens grievous to be borne, and ye yourselves touch
|
||
|
|
not the burdens with one of your fingers.
|
||
|
|
47 Woe unto you! for ye build the sepulchres of the prophets,
|
||
|
|
and your fathers killed them.
|
||
|
|
48 Truly ye bear witness that ye allow the deeds of your
|
||
|
|
fathers: for they indeed killed them, and ye build their
|
||
|
|
sepulchres.
|
||
|
|
49 Therefore also said the wisdom of God, I will send them
|
||
|
|
prophets and apostles, and <I>some</I> of them they shall slay and
|
||
|
|
persecute:
|
||
|
|
50 That the blood of all the prophets, which was shed from the
|
||
|
|
foundation of the world, may be required of this generation;
|
||
|
|
51 From the blood of Abel unto the blood of Zacharias, which
|
||
|
|
perished between the altar and the temple: verily I say unto you,
|
||
|
|
It shall be required of this generation.
|
||
|
|
52 Woe unto you, lawyers! for ye have taken away the key of
|
||
|
|
knowledge: ye entered not in yourselves, and them that were
|
||
|
|
entering in ye hindered.
|
||
|
|
53 And as he said these things unto them, the scribes and the
|
||
|
|
Pharisees began to urge <I>him</I> vehemently, and to provoke him to
|
||
|
|
speak of many things:
|
||
|
|
54 Laying wait for him, and seeking to catch something out of
|
||
|
|
his mouth, that they might accuse him.
|
||
|
|
</FONT></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Christ here says many of those things to a Pharisee and his guests, in
|
||
|
|
a <I>private</I> conversation at table, which he afterwards said in a
|
||
|
|
<I>public</I> discourse in the temple
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mt+23:1-39">Matt. xxiii.</A>);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for what he said in public and private was <I>of a piece.</I> He would
|
||
|
|
not say that in a corner which he durst not repeat and stand to in the
|
||
|
|
great congregation; nor would he give those reproofs to any sort of
|
||
|
|
sinners in general which he durst not apply to them in particular as he
|
||
|
|
met with them; for he was, and is, the <I>faithful Witness.</I> Here
|
||
|
|
is,</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
I. Christ's going to dine with a Pharisee that very civilly invited him
|
||
|
|
to his house
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:37"><I>v.</I> 37</A>);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>As he spoke,</I> even while he was speaking, a <I>certain
|
||
|
|
Pharisee</I> interrupted him with a request to him to come and <I>dine
|
||
|
|
with him,</I> to come <I>forthwith,</I> for it was dinner-time. We are
|
||
|
|
willing to hope that the Pharisee was so well pleased with his
|
||
|
|
discourse that he was willing to show him respect, and desirous to have
|
||
|
|
more of his company, and therefore gave him this invitation and bade
|
||
|
|
him truly welcome; and yet we have some cause to suspect that it was
|
||
|
|
with an <I>ill design,</I> to break off his discourse to the people,
|
||
|
|
and to have an opportunity of ensnaring him and getting something out
|
||
|
|
of him which might serve for matter of accusation or reproach,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:53,54"><I>v.</I> 53, 54</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
We know not the mind of this Pharisee; but, whatever it was, Christ
|
||
|
|
knew it: if he meant ill, he shall know Christ does not fear him; if
|
||
|
|
well, he shall know Christ is willing to do him good: so <I>he went in,
|
||
|
|
and sat down to meat.</I> Note, Christ's disciples must learn of him to
|
||
|
|
be <I>conversable,</I> and not <I>morose.</I> Though we have need to be
|
||
|
|
<I>cautious</I> what company we keep, yet we need not be <I>rigid,</I>
|
||
|
|
nor must we therefore <I>go out of the world.</I></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
II. The offence which the Pharisee took at Christ, as those of that
|
||
|
|
sort had sometimes done at the disciples of Christ, for not <I>washing
|
||
|
|
before dinner,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:38"><I>v.</I> 38</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
He wondered that a man of his sanctity, a prophet, a man of so much
|
||
|
|
devotion, and such a strict conversation, should sit down to meat, and
|
||
|
|
not first <I>wash his hands,</I> especially being newly come out of a
|
||
|
|
mixed company, and there being in the Pharisee's dining-room, no doubt,
|
||
|
|
all accommodations set ready for it, so that he need not fear being
|
||
|
|
<I>troublesome;</I> and the Pharisee himself and all his guests, no
|
||
|
|
doubt, <I>washing,</I> so that he could not be <I>singular;</I> what,
|
||
|
|
and yet not wash? What harm had it been if he had washed? Was it not
|
||
|
|
strictly commanded by the canons of their church? It was so, and
|
||
|
|
<I>therefore</I> Christ would not do it, because he would witness
|
||
|
|
against their assuming a power to impose that as a matter of religion
|
||
|
|
which <I>God commanded them not.</I> The ceremonial law consisted in
|
||
|
|
<I>divers washings,</I> but this was none of them, and therefore Christ
|
||
|
|
would not practise it, no not in <I>complaisance</I> to the Pharisee
|
||
|
|
who invited him, nor though he knew that offence would be taken at his
|
||
|
|
omitting it.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
III. The sharp reproof which Christ, upon this occasion, gave to the
|
||
|
|
Pharisees, without begging pardon even of the Pharisee whose guest he
|
||
|
|
now was; for we must not flatter our best friends in any evil
|
||
|
|
thing.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. He reproves them for placing religion so much in those instances of
|
||
|
|
it which are only external, and fall under the eye of man, while those
|
||
|
|
were not only <I>postponed,</I> but quite <I>expunged,</I> which
|
||
|
|
respect the soul, and fall under the eye of God,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:39,40"><I>v.</I> 39, 40</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Now observe here,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) The absurdity they were guilty of: "<I>You Pharisees make clean
|
||
|
|
the outside</I> only, you wash your hands with water, but do not
|
||
|
|
<I>wash your hearts from wickedness;</I> these are full of covetousness
|
||
|
|
and malice, <I>covetousness</I> of men's goods, and malice against good
|
||
|
|
men." Those can never be reckoned <I>cleanly</I> servants that wash
|
||
|
|
only the <I>outside of the cup</I> out of which their master drinks, or
|
||
|
|
<I>the platter</I> out of which he eats, and take no care to make clean
|
||
|
|
the <I>inside,</I> the filth of which immediately <I>affects</I> the
|
||
|
|
meat or drink. The frame or temper of the mind in every religious
|
||
|
|
service is as the <I>inside</I> of the cup and platter; the impurity of
|
||
|
|
this <I>infects</I> the services, and therefore to keep ourselves free
|
||
|
|
from scandalous enormities, and yet to live under the dominion of
|
||
|
|
spiritual wickedness, is as great an affront to God as it would be for
|
||
|
|
a servant to give the cup into his master's hand, clean wiped from all
|
||
|
|
the dust on the outside, but <I>within</I> full of cobwebs and spiders.
|
||
|
|
<I>Ravening and wickedness,</I> that is, <I>reigning worldliness</I>
|
||
|
|
and <I>reigning spitefulness,</I> which men think they can find some
|
||
|
|
cloak and cover for, are the dangerous damning sins of many who have
|
||
|
|
made the <I>outside of the cup</I> clean from the more gross, and
|
||
|
|
scandalous, and inexcusable sins of whoredom and drunkenness.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) A particular instance of the absurdity of it: "<I>Ye fools, did
|
||
|
|
not he that made that which is without make that which is within
|
||
|
|
also?</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:40"><I>v.</I> 40</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Did not that God who in the law of Moses appointed divers ceremonial
|
||
|
|
washings, with which you justify yourselves in these practices and
|
||
|
|
impositions, appoint also that you should cleanse and purify your
|
||
|
|
hearts? He who made laws for that which is <I>without,</I> did not he
|
||
|
|
even in those laws further intend something within, and by other laws
|
||
|
|
show how little he regarded the <I>purifying of the flesh,</I> and the
|
||
|
|
<I>putting away of the filth</I> of that, if the heart be not made
|
||
|
|
clean?" Or, it may have regard to God not only as a <I>Lawgiver,</I>
|
||
|
|
but (which the words seem rather to import) as a Creator. Did not God,
|
||
|
|
who made us these bodies (and they <I>are fearfully and wonderfully
|
||
|
|
made</I>), make us <I>these souls</I> also, which are more fearfully
|
||
|
|
and wonderfully made? Now, if he made both, he justly expects we should
|
||
|
|
take care of both; and therefore not only wash the <I>body,</I> which
|
||
|
|
he is the <I>former</I> of, and make the hands clean in honour of his
|
||
|
|
work, but wash the spirit, which he is the Father of, and get the
|
||
|
|
leprosy in the heart cleansed.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
To this he subjoins a rule for making our creature-comforts clean to us
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:41"><I>v.</I> 41</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"Instead of <I>washing your hands</I> before you go to meat, <I>give
|
||
|
|
alms of such things as you have</I>" (<B><I>ta enonta</I></B>--<I>of
|
||
|
|
such things as are set before you, and present with you</I>); "let the
|
||
|
|
poor have their share out of them, and then <I>all things are clean to
|
||
|
|
you,</I> and you may use them comfortably." Here is a plain allusion to
|
||
|
|
the law of Moses, by which it was provided that certain portions of the
|
||
|
|
increase of their land should be given <I>to the Levite, the stranger,
|
||
|
|
the fatherless, and the widow;</I> and, when that was done, what was
|
||
|
|
reserved for their own use was <I>clean to them,</I> and they could in
|
||
|
|
faith pray for a blessing upon it,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=De+26:12-15">Deut. xxvi. 12-15</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>Then</I> we can with comfort enjoy the gifts of God's bounty
|
||
|
|
ourselves when we <I>send portions to them for whom nothing is
|
||
|
|
prepared,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ne+8:10">Neh. viii. 10</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>Job ate not his morsel alone,</I> but <I>the fatherless ate
|
||
|
|
thereof,</I> and so it was <I>clean to him</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Job+31:17">Job xxxi. 17</A>);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>clean,</I> that is, permitted and allowed to be used, and then only
|
||
|
|
can it be used comfortably. Note, What we have is not our own, unless
|
||
|
|
God have his dues out of it; and it is by <I>liberality to the poor</I>
|
||
|
|
that we clear up to ourselves our <I>liberty</I> to make use of our
|
||
|
|
creature-comforts.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. He reproves them for laying stress upon trifles, and neglecting the
|
||
|
|
weighty matters of the law,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:42"><I>v.</I> 42</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) Those laws which related only to the <I>means of religion</I> they
|
||
|
|
were very exact in the observance of, as particularly those concerning
|
||
|
|
the maintenance of the priests: <I>Ye pay tithe of mint and rue,</I>
|
||
|
|
pay it in kind and to the full, and will not put off the priests with a
|
||
|
|
<I>modus decimandi</I> or <I>compound</I> for it. By this they would
|
||
|
|
gain reputation with the people as strict observers of the law, and
|
||
|
|
would make an interest in the priests, in whose power it was many a
|
||
|
|
time to do them a kindness; and no wonder if the priests and the
|
||
|
|
Pharisees contrived how to strengthen one another's hands. Now Christ
|
||
|
|
does not condemn them for being so exact in paying tithes (<I>these
|
||
|
|
things ought ye to have done</I>), but to think that this would atone
|
||
|
|
for the neglect of their greater duties; for,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) Those laws which relate to the <I>essentials of religion</I> they
|
||
|
|
made nothing of: <I>You pass over judgment and the love of God,</I> you
|
||
|
|
make no conscience of giving men their <I>dues</I> and God your
|
||
|
|
<I>hearts.</I></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3. He reproves them for their pride and vanity, and affectations of
|
||
|
|
precedency and praise of men
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:43"><I>v.</I> 43</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"<I>Ye love the uppermost seats in the synagogues</I>" (or consistories
|
||
|
|
where the elders met for government); "if you have not those seats, you
|
||
|
|
are ambitious of them; if you have, you are proud of them; and <I>you
|
||
|
|
love greetings in the markets,</I> to be complimented by the people and
|
||
|
|
to have their cap and knee." It is not sitting uppermost, or being
|
||
|
|
greeted, that is reproved, but <I>loving it.</I></P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4. He reproves them for their hypocrisy, and their colouring over the
|
||
|
|
wickedness of their hearts and lives with specious pretences
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:44"><I>v.</I> 44</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"<I>You are as graves</I> overgrown with grass, which therefore
|
||
|
|
<I>appear not,</I> and <I>the men that walk over them are not aware of
|
||
|
|
them,</I> and so they contract the ceremonial pollution which by the
|
||
|
|
law arose from the <I>touch of a grave.</I>" These Pharisees were
|
||
|
|
<I>within</I> full of <I>abominations,</I> as a grave of putrefaction;
|
||
|
|
full of covetousness, envy, and malice; and yet they concealed it so
|
||
|
|
artfully with a profession of devotion, that it did not appear, so that
|
||
|
|
they who conversed with them, and followed their doctrine, were defiled
|
||
|
|
with sin, infected with their corruptions and ill morals, and yet, they
|
||
|
|
making a show of piety, suspected no danger by them. The contagion
|
||
|
|
<I>insinuated</I> itself, and was <I>insensibly</I> caught, and those
|
||
|
|
that caught it thought themselves never the worse.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
IV. The testimony which he bore also against the lawyers or scribes,
|
||
|
|
who made it their business to <I>expound</I> the law according to the
|
||
|
|
tradition of the elders, as the Pharisees did to <I>observe</I> the law
|
||
|
|
according to that tradition.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. There was one of that profession who resented what he said against
|
||
|
|
the Pharisees
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:45"><I>v.</I> 45</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"<I>Master, thus saying thou reproachest us also,</I> for we are
|
||
|
|
scribes; and we are therefore hypocrites?" Note, It is a common thing
|
||
|
|
for unhumbled sinners to call and count reproofs reproaches. It is the
|
||
|
|
wisdom of those who desire to have their sin mortified to make a
|
||
|
|
<I>good use</I> of reproaches that come from <I>ill will,</I> and to
|
||
|
|
turn them into reproofs. If we can in this way hear of our faults, and
|
||
|
|
amend them, it is well: but it is the folly of those who are wedded to
|
||
|
|
their sins, and resolved not to part with them, to make an <I>ill
|
||
|
|
use</I> of the faithful and friendly admonitions given them, which come
|
||
|
|
from love, and to have their passions provoked by them as if they were
|
||
|
|
intended for <I>reproaches,</I> and therefore fly in the face of their
|
||
|
|
reprovers, and justify themselves in rejecting the reproof. Thus the
|
||
|
|
prophet complained
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Jer+6:10">Jer. vi. 10</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>The word of the Lord is to them a reproach; they have no delight in
|
||
|
|
it.</I> This lawyer espoused the Pharisee's cause, and so made himself
|
||
|
|
partaker of his sins.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. Our Lord Jesus thereupon took them to task
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:46"><I>v.</I> 46</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>Woe unto you also, ye lawyers;</I> and again
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:52"><I>v.</I> 52</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>Woe unto you lawyers.</I> They blessed themselves in the reputation
|
||
|
|
they had among the people, who thought them happy men, because they
|
||
|
|
studied the law, and were always conversant with that, and had the
|
||
|
|
honour of instructing the people in the knowledge of that; but Christ
|
||
|
|
denounced <I>woes</I> against them, for he sees not as man sees. This
|
||
|
|
was just upon him for taking the Pharisee's part, and quarrelling with
|
||
|
|
Christ because he reproved them. Note, Those who quarrel with the
|
||
|
|
reproofs of others, and suspect them to be reproaches to them, do but
|
||
|
|
get <I>woes of their own</I> by so doing.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(1.) The lawyers are reproved for making the services of religion more
|
||
|
|
<I>burdensome</I> to others, but more <I>easy</I> to themselves, than
|
||
|
|
God had made them
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:46"><I>v.</I> 46</A>):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"<I>You lade men with burdens grievous to be borne,</I> by your
|
||
|
|
traditions, which <I>bind them out from</I> many liberties God has
|
||
|
|
allowed them, and <I>bind them up</I> to many slaveries which God never
|
||
|
|
enjoined them, to show your authority, and to keep people in awe;
|
||
|
|
<I>but you yourselves touch them not with one of your fingers;</I>"
|
||
|
|
that is,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.] "You will not <I>burden</I> yourselves with them, nor be
|
||
|
|
yourselves bound by those restraints with which you hamper others."
|
||
|
|
They would seem, by the hedges they pretended to make about the law, to
|
||
|
|
be very strict for the observance of the law; but, if you could see
|
||
|
|
their practices, you would find that they not only make nothing of
|
||
|
|
those hedges themselves, but make nothing of the law itself neither:
|
||
|
|
thus the confessors of the Romish church are said to do with their
|
||
|
|
penitents.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[2.] "You will not <I>lighten</I> them to those you have power over;
|
||
|
|
<I>you will not touch them,</I> that is, either to repeal them or to
|
||
|
|
dispense with them when you find them to be burdensome and grievous to
|
||
|
|
the people." They would come in with <I>both hands</I> to dispense with
|
||
|
|
a command of God, but not with a <I>finger</I> to mitigate the rigour
|
||
|
|
of any of the traditions of the elders.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(2.) They are reproved for pretending a veneration for the memory of
|
||
|
|
the prophets whom their fathers killed, when yet they hated and
|
||
|
|
persecuted those in their own day who were sent to them on the same
|
||
|
|
errand, to call them to repentance, and direct them to Christ,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:47-49"><I>v.</I> 47-49</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.] These hypocrites, among other pretences of piety, <I>built the
|
||
|
|
sepulchres of the prophets;</I> that is, they erected monuments over
|
||
|
|
their graves, in honour of them, probably with large inscriptions
|
||
|
|
containing high encomiums of them. They were not so superstitious as to
|
||
|
|
enshrine their relics, or to think their devotions the more acceptable
|
||
|
|
to God for being offered at the <I>tombs of the martyrs;</I> they did
|
||
|
|
not burn incense or pray to them, or plead their merits with God; they
|
||
|
|
did not add that iniquity to their hypocrisy; but, as if they owned
|
||
|
|
themselves the <I>children of the prophets,</I> their heirs and
|
||
|
|
executors, they <I>repaired</I> and <I>beautified</I> the monuments
|
||
|
|
sacred to their <I>pious memory.</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[2.] Notwithstanding this, they had an inveterate <I>enmity</I> to
|
||
|
|
those in their <I>own day</I> that came to them in the <I>spirit</I>
|
||
|
|
and <I>power</I> of those prophets; and, though they had not yet had an
|
||
|
|
opportunity of carrying it far, yet they would soon do it, for the
|
||
|
|
<I>Wisdom of God said,</I> that is, Christ himself would <I>so
|
||
|
|
order</I> it, and did <I>now foretel</I> it, that they would
|
||
|
|
<I>slay</I> and <I>persecute</I> the prophets and apostles that should
|
||
|
|
be sent them. The <I>Wisdom of God</I> would thus make trial of them,
|
||
|
|
and discover their odious hypocrisy, by sending them prophets, to
|
||
|
|
reprove them for their sins and warn them of the judgments of God.
|
||
|
|
Those prophets should prove themselves apostles, or messengers sent
|
||
|
|
from heaven, by signs, and wonders, and gifts of the Holy Ghost. Or,
|
||
|
|
"<I>I will send them prophets</I> under the style and title of
|
||
|
|
apostles, who yet shall produce as good an authority as any of the old
|
||
|
|
prophets did; and these they shall not only contradict and oppose, but
|
||
|
|
<I>slay</I> and <I>persecute,</I> and put to death." Christ foresaw
|
||
|
|
this, and yet did not otherwise than as became the <I>Wisdom of God</I>
|
||
|
|
in sending them, for he knew how to bring glory to himself in the
|
||
|
|
issue, by the recompences reserved both for the <I>persecutors</I> and
|
||
|
|
the <I>persecuted</I> in the future state.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[3.] That therefore God will justly put another construction upon their
|
||
|
|
<I>building</I> the <I>tombs</I> of the prophets than what they would
|
||
|
|
be thought to intend, and it shall be interpreted their <I>allowing the
|
||
|
|
deeds of their fathers</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:45"><I>v.</I> 45</A>);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for, since by their present actions it appeared that they had no true
|
||
|
|
value for their prophets, the <I>building of their sepulchres</I> shall
|
||
|
|
have this sense put upon it, that they resolved to keep them in their
|
||
|
|
graves whom their fathers had hurried thither. Josiah, who had a real
|
||
|
|
value for prophets, thought it enough not to disturb the grave of the
|
||
|
|
<I>man of God at Bethel: Let no man move his bones,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=2Ki+23:17,18">2 Kings xxiii. 17, 18</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If these lawyers will carry the matter further, and will build <I>their
|
||
|
|
sepulchres,</I> it is such a piece of <I>over-doing</I> as gives cause
|
||
|
|
to suspect an ill design in it, and that it is meant as a cover for
|
||
|
|
some design against prophecy itself, like the kiss of a traitor, as
|
||
|
|
<I>he that blesseth his friend with a loud voice, rising early in the
|
||
|
|
morning, it shall be counted a curse to him,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Pr+27:14">Prov. xxvii. 14</A>.</P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<P>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[4.] That they must expect no other than to be reckoned with, as the
|
||
|
|
<I>fillers up</I> of the <I>measure</I> of persecution,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:50,51"><I>v.</I> 50, 51</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
They keep up the trade as it were in succession, and therefore are
|
||
|
|
responsible for the <I>debts of the company,</I> even those it has been
|
||
|
|
<I>contracting</I> all along from <I>the blood of Abel,</I> when the
|
||
|
|
world began, to that of Zacharias, and so forward to the end of the
|
||
|
|
Jewish state; it shall all be <I>required of this generation,</I> this
|
||
|
|
last generation of the Jews, whose sin in persecuting Christ's apostles
|
||
|
|
would exceed any of the sins of that kind that their fathers were
|
||
|
|
guilty of, and so would bring <I>wrath</I> upon them <I>to the
|
||
|
|
uttermost,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=1Th+2:15,16">1 Thess. ii. 15, 16</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Their destruction by the Romans was so terrible that it might well be
|
||
|
|
reckoned the completing of God's vengeance upon that persecuting
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nation.</P>
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<P>
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(3.) They are reproved for opposing the gospel of Christ, and doing all
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they could to obstruct the progress and success of it,
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:52"><I>v.</I> 52</A>.
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[1.] They had not, according to the duty of their place, faithfully
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expounded to the people those scriptures of the Old Testament which
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pointed at the Messiah, which if they had been led into the right
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understanding of by the lawyers, they would readily have embraced him
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and his doctrine: but, instead of that, they had perverted those texts,
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and had cast a mist before the eyes of the people, by their corrupt
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glosses upon them, and this is called <I>taking away the key of
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knowledge;</I> instead of <I>using</I> that key for the people, and
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helping them to use it aright, they <I>hid it</I> from them; this is
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called, in Matthew, <I>shutting up the kingdom of heaven against
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men,</I>
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Mt+23:13">Matt. xxiii. 13</A>.
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Note, those who take away the key of knowledge shut up the <I>kingdom
|
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|
of heaven.</I>
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[2.] They themselves did not embrace the gospel of Christ, though by
|
||
|
|
their acquaintance with the Old Testament they could not but know that
|
||
|
|
the <I>time was fulfilled,</I> and the <I>kingdom of God was at
|
||
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|
hand;</I> they saw the prophecies accomplished in that kingdom which
|
||
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|
our Lord Jesus was about to set up, and yet would not themselves
|
||
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|
<I>enter into it.</I> Nay,
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|
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||
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|
[3.] Them that without any guidance or assistance of theirs were
|
||
|
|
<I>entering in</I> they did all they could to <I>hinder</I> and
|
||
|
|
discourage, by threatening to <I>cast them out of the synagogue,</I>
|
||
|
|
and otherwise terrifying them. It is bad for people to be averse to
|
||
|
|
revelation, but much worse to be adverse to it.</P>
|
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<P>
|
||
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||
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|
<I>Lastly,</I> In the close of the chapter we are told how spitefully
|
||
|
|
and maliciously the scribes and <I>Pharisees</I> contrived to draw him
|
||
|
|
into a snare,
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Lu+11:53,54"><I>v.</I> 53, 54</A>.
|
||
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|
||
|
|
They could not bear those cutting reproofs which they must own to be
|
||
|
|
just; but what he had said against them in particular would not <I>bear
|
||
|
|
an action,</I> nor could they ground upon it any <I>criminal</I>
|
||
|
|
accusation, and therefore, as if, because his reproofs were warm, they
|
||
|
|
hoped to stir him up to some intemperate heat and passion, so as to put
|
||
|
|
him off his guard, they <I>began to urge him vehemently,</I> to be very
|
||
|
|
fierce upon him, and to <I>provoke him to speak of many things,</I> to
|
||
|
|
propose dangerous questions to him, <I>laying wait</I> for something
|
||
|
|
which might serve the design they had of making him either
|
||
|
|
<I>odious</I> to the people, or <I>obnoxious</I> to the government, or
|
||
|
|
both. Thus did they seek occasion against him, like David's enemies
|
||
|
|
that did <I>every day wrest his words,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Ps+56:5">Ps. lvi. 5</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<I>Evil men dig up mischief.</I> Note, Faithful reprovers of sin must
|
||
|
|
expect to have many enemies, and have need to set a watch before the
|
||
|
|
door of their lips, because of <I>their observers</I> that watch for
|
||
|
|
their halting. The prophet complains of those in his time who <I>make
|
||
|
|
a man an offender for a word, and lay a snare for him that reproveth in
|
||
|
|
the gate,</I>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<A HREF="http://bible.gospelcom.net/bible?version=KJV&passage=Isa+29:21">Isa. xxix. 21</A>.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
That we may bear trials of this kind with patience, and get through
|
||
|
|
them with prudence, let us <I>consider him who endured such
|
||
|
|
contradiction of sinners against himself.</I></P>
|
||
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